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使用机器学习预测机械化学处理飞灰中的潜在有毒金属化物的环境风险
Jiamin Ding1, Yaqi Peng1, Guanjie Wang2
1State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
Waste management (New York, N.Y.)
|December 1, 2025
概括
机械化学处理有效地减少了飞灰中有毒金属的风险. 机器学习模型,特别是XGBoost,准确地预测这些环境风险,指导流程优化.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 数据科学数据科学数据科学
背景情况:
- 城市固体废物焚烧飞灰 (MSWIFA) 由于潜在的有毒金属化物 (PTM) 构成环境风险.
- 机械化学 (MC) 处理提供了一种绿色和有效的方法来减轻这些风险.
- 准确预测PTM环境风险和优化MC处理条件至关重要,但具有挑战性.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证机器学习 (ML) 模型,用于预测PMT在MC处理的飞灰中的环境风险.
- 确定影响PTM环境风险的关键因素,并优化MC处理参数.
- 创建一个实用的工具,用于快速风险评估和工程应用过程优化.
主要方法:
- 六个机器学习 (ML) 模型被用来预测PTM在MC处理的飞灰中的整体污染毒性指数 (OPTI).
- 极端梯度增强 (XGB) 模型因其卓越的预测准确性而被选中 (R2=0.986训练,R2=0.921测试).
- 功能重要性分析确定了关键预测因素,并开发了一个图形用户界面 (GUI).
主要成果:
- XGB模型表现出极好的预测准确性和对PTMs环境风险的概括性.
- 添加剂 (48.2%),MC条件 (28.7%),PTM特性 (21.3%) 和飞成分 (1.8%) 按影响排名.
- 关键特征包括MC处理时间,初始度,特定添加剂 (基于Ca,P,Ca-P,Si-Al),浸出pH和Cl.
结论:
- 使用ML的数据驱动框架有效地预测了MC处理的飞灰中的环境风险.
- 开发的GUI为风险评估和流程优化提供了实用工具.
- 开发绿色和高效的添加剂是MSWIFA中管理PTM的最有效策略.
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