瘤性病毒疗法:分子机制,输送策略和转化见解
Talal Jamil Qazi1, Alanne Tenório Nunes1, Pedro Luiz Porfirio Xavier1
1Laboratory of Comparative and Translational Oncology, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, 13635-900, Brazil.
Critical reviews in oncology/hematology
|December 1, 2025
概括
瘤解毒性病毒疗法 (OVT) 通过向瘤和修改瘤微环境 (TME) 来增强免疫疗法. 这种方法在启动免疫反应和改善癌症治疗结果方面表现有前途.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 免疫疗法的有效性受到非响应性瘤和抑制性瘤微环境 (TME) 的限制.
- 瘤解毒性病毒疗法 (OVT) 提供了一种直接杀死癌细胞和调节TME的策略.
- OVT诱导免疫细胞死亡和I型干扰素 (IFN-I) 信号传递,增强抗瘤免疫力.
研究的目的:
- 提出关于OVT机制,基因工程和翻译应用的临床和临床前证据.
- 探索OVT如何增强免疫启动和检查点抑制剂反应.
- 从伴侣动物瘤学到人类临床试验的发现.
主要方法:
- 临床试验和临床前数据的审查,涉及瘤病毒.
- 对OVT载体设计和有效载荷的基因工程策略的分析.
- 检查跨物种的转化教训,包括伴侣动物.
主要成果:
- 临床试验表明OVT对检查点反应的原始化 (例如,DNX-2401与pembrolizumab).
- 特定的载体设计 (例如,TK删除的疫苗,CG0070) 和有效载荷 (例如,IFNβ,NIS) 显示出可测量的临床益处.
- 证据支持OVT在克服瘤耐药性和增强免疫疗法的作用.
结论:
- 可采取行动的优先事项包括基于IFN通路能力和受体热的患者选择.
- 使用免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 进行OVT的合理测序至关重要.
- 需要进一步的研究和临床转化,以加速癌症患者的持久反应.
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