减少移民工人抑郁,焦虑和压力症状的教育计划:范围审查和证据综合
Crystal Ying Chan1, Harley Hiu-Yung Kwok2, Wai Tong Chien3
1Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, School of Public Health, Prince of Wales Hospital, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. ychan@cuhk.edu.hk.
同文化化计划有效地减少了移民工人的压力和抑郁症. 像同行团体和精神撤退这样的干预措施显示出显著的心理健康益处,改善了整体幸福感.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 心理健康 心理健康
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 移民工人由于东道国的语言和文化障碍而经历了更大的压力.
- 教育计划旨在支持文化融入,通过语言学习,文化理解和包容性实践潜在地减轻压力.
- 这些适应文化计划对移徙工人的心理健康的有效性仍然是不确定的.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查适应文化计划对移徙工人心理痛苦的影响.
- 检查焦虑和抑郁是主要结果,压力是次要结果.
主要方法:
- 在六个文献数据库 (Embase,Medline,CINAHL Complete,PsycInfo,SocINDEX,Cochrane Library) 中进行了全面的搜索.
- 关键词包括"移民工人和教育和 (压力或焦虑或抑郁)",并补充了灰色文学搜索.
- 从最初识别的4795个标题中,有11篇文章得到了批判性评价.
主要成果:
- 通过世俗健康教育者的干预,同行团体和精神撤退课程观察到对压力的积极影响.
- 同龄人群显著降低了重新安置的劳动难民的感知压力 (MD: -5.00, p<0.0001).
- 尼日利亚女性工人的精神撤退显著改善了她们的感知压力 (MD: -4.05,p<0.01),而生活技能培训后的焦虑改善是微不足道的.
结论:
- 适应文化计划,包括生活和工作技能培训,是支持移民工人的心理健康的常见做法.
- 移民当地支持小组,世俗健康教育工作者,同行小组和精神撤退有效地应对压力和抑郁症.
- 同文化化计划为全球心理健康危机提供了可行的解决方案,尽管需要对更大的人口进行进一步的研究.
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