医学教育中的差异性成就:系统性审查
C Cunningham1, L Thong2, D Mockler3
1School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. cunninc7@tcd.ie.
BMC medical education
|December 2, 2025
概括
医学教育中的差异性成就显示出基于学生特征的系统性结果差异. 少数民族和较低的社会经济地位与较低的成就有关,突出了针对性干预的必要性.
科学领域:
- 医学教育研究 医学教育研究
- 卫生公平研究 卫生公平研究
- 系统偏差分析 系统偏差分析
背景情况:
- 差异性成就是指医疗教育中人口群体之间的系统性结果差异.
- 现有的研究往往只检查有限的特征和结果.
- 本综述探讨了不同学生/实习生特征和差异性成就之间的关联.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查在本科和研究生医学教育中的差异性成就的文献.
- 确定各种学生/实习生特征和教育成果之间的关联.
- 为公平的医疗培训提供干预信息.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA指南进行系统审查,并于2023年5月进行搜索.
- 包括评估医学学生和实习医生的研究,检查评估,进展和资格等结果.
- 分析的特征包括年龄,残疾,入境路线,种族,性别,宗教和社会经济地位.
主要成果:
- 包括95项涉及77万多名参与者的观察性研究,确定性低,证据异质.
- 少数民族的种族始终与较低的成绩相关;年轻的医生在研究生评估中表现更好.
- 性别显示出混合的结果,而较低的社会经济地位与培训后期的较差结果有关.
结论:
- 不同的成就是复杂的,取决于背景,受到多种因素的影响.
- 尽管证据确定性很低,但各种特征显著影响医学教育成果.
- 进一步的调查和有针对性的干预措施对于确保医疗培训取得公平结果至关重要.
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