计算机断层扫描脑扫描在评估老年患者的作用在急诊室的普遍虚弱:一个回顾性的多中心研究
Darpanarayan Hazra1, Awatif K Alsarrai Al-Alawi1, Ahmed Talib Al Salmi2
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman.
目标:
计算机断层扫描(CT)常用于评估就诊于急诊科(ED)的老年患者的脑部情况。本研究旨在回顾性评估CT扫描在诊断老年患者全身无力方面的有效性。
方法:
纳入2022年1月1日至12月31日期间,在马斯喀特两家大型急诊科就诊的老年患者(年龄≥65岁),其临床表现为全身无力,并伴有疲劳、头晕、眩晕、发热、恶心或呕吐中的一项或多项症状。对多个变量进行编码并系统分析。
结果:
在12,608,847名患者中,6.7%表现为全身无力,并在评估过程中接受了脑部CT扫描。平均年龄为76.0 ± 7.7岁,男性占47.5%。患者至急诊科就诊的主要症状包括发热(57.0%)、嗜睡(46.9%)和头晕(30.0%)。脑部CT发现包括急性缺血性改变(3.3%)、亚急性缺血性改变(7.8%)、急性叠加慢性硬膜下血肿或颅内血肿(3.4%),以及新的占位性病变或脓肿(4.4%)。通过受试者工作特征曲线评估CT成像对多种疾病的诊断效能:急性/亚急性缺血性脑血管意外(曲线下面积(AUC)= 0.47,最佳阈值:0.188)、急性/急性叠加慢性硬膜下血肿或颅内出血(AUC = 0.41,最佳阈值:0.122)、总体显著的新发和/或急性CT发现(AUC = 0.45,最佳阈值:0.026),以及新发现的占位性病变(AUC = 0.43,最佳阈值:0.144)。
结论:
CT扫描作为诊断工具在评估表现为全身无力的患者时存在局限性,尤其在诊断脑部新发或急性/亚急性内科及外科疾病方面。
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