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相关概念视频

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

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Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
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The clinical manifestations of gastritis can vary depending on the cause and type of gastritis, but some common symptoms may include the following.
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The patient with acute gastritis may have a rapid onset of symptoms, such as epigastric pain or discomfort, dyspepsia, anorexia, hiccups, or nausea and vomiting, which can last from a few hours to a few days. Erosive or hemorrhagic gastritis may cause bleeding, which may manifest as blood in vomit or as...
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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
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Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

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Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
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Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
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临床实践中的巨细胞动脉炎:超越GiACTA

Francesca Regola1, Jacopo Mora2, Matteo Riva3

  • 1Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia; and Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Italy. f.regola@unibs.it.

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概括

巨细胞动脉炎 (GCA) 用托西利祖马布 (TCZ) 治疗可以减少葡萄糖皮质激素 (GC) 的依赖性和副作用,而不是单独使用GC或使用甲状腺素 (MTX). 在GCA患者中,TCZ提供了类固醇节约作用和临床疗效.

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科学领域:

  • 风湿病学和免疫学
  • 临床药理学 临床药理学
  • 血管炎研究 血管炎研究

背景情况:

  • 巨细胞动脉炎 (GCA) 的治疗通常涉及高剂量的葡萄皮质激素 (GCs).
  • GCs与显著的副作用和疾病复发有关.
  • 类固醇节约剂对于有效管理GCA至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 在现实世界GCA队列中分析葡萄糖皮质激素 (GC) 的副作用.
  • 评估托西利祖马布 (TCZ) 和甲状腺素 (MTX) 的类固醇节约疗效.
  • 为了评估GC毒性,使用Glucocorticoid毒性指数 (GTI) v2.0.0.

主要方法:

  • 对150名新诊断的GCA患者进行了回顾性队列研究.
  • 患者被分为三个组:单独的GC,GC加MTX和GC加TCZ.
  • 葡萄糖皮质体毒性指数 (GTI) 计算在5年的随访期间.

主要成果:

  • 88%的患者经历了GC副作用;累积GC剂量预测损伤恶化.
  • TCZ显著减少了25%的GC剂量,导致副作用较少 (65%vs. 90%) 并没有复发 (0%vs. 38%).
  • TCZ提供了对复发的独立保护;MTX没有显示类似的好处.

结论:

  • 在GCA治疗中,累积的GC剂量与诱导的损伤相关,用GTI测量.
  • 托西利祖马布 (TCZ) 在现实生活中的GCA队列中显示出显著的类固醇节约作用.
  • TCZ显示了临床疗效,并减少了GC相关的毒性和GC患者的复发.