游戏开始了,成绩提高了吗? 教师和学生知情的体育活动对儿童执行功能和行为的影响
Sam Dixon1, Florentina Hettinga2, Nicola McCullogh1
1Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK.
Journal of sports sciences
|December 2, 2025
概括
新型体力活动 (PA) 突破增强了儿童的乐趣和参与度,在认知和行为结果中与传统的日常生活相匹配. 实施这些休息给学校带来了可行性挑战.
科学领域:
- 儿科运动科学 儿科运动科学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
背景情况:
- 体育活动 (PA) 休息为学校提供了机会,以提高儿童的活动水平,超越休息或体育教育.
- 这些独特的PA中断对执行功能 (EF),感知反应和行为结果的影响仍然不确定.
- 将PA休息整合到学校的一天中面临着持续的实施挑战.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究新的有效性,以参与者为导向的体育活动打破了儿童的执行功能,兴奋,影响,努力和享受.
- 为了比较游乐场游戏休息的结果与常规实践 (每日一英里) 和久坐控制条件.
- 评估儿童对不同PA休息干预措施的主观评价和教师评价的行为反应.
主要方法:
- 一项为期3周的重复测量研究,涉及120名来自英国的小学儿童 (6-11岁).
- 实施了三个条件:游乐场游戏,常规练习 (每日一英里) 和久坐控制.
- 测量包括执行功能,兴奋,影响,努力,享受,儿童的评估和教师评级的行为,评估了前,立即后和45分钟后的条件.
主要成果:
- 在这三个条件中,在执行职能方面没有发现显著差异.
- 与通常的实践和对照相比,儿童在游乐场游戏条件下报告了更高的兴奋,更大的努力和更积极的影响.
- 游乐场游戏被评为比常规实践更有趣但实施不太可能;教师评价的行为没有显著差异.
结论:
- 新的,以参与者为中心的体育活动休息可以与认知和行为结果的传统例程一样有效.
- 这些休息显著提高了儿童的乐趣和参与度,尽管存在潜在的实施挑战.
- 学校应该考虑量身定制的PA休息,以促进儿童的参与和福祉.
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