通过基于计划的行为,文化定制的教育干预理论,增强对捐献身体的行为意图:一个准实验性研究
Vijayakumar K1, Mandar Ambike2, Sulakshana Sawant2
1Department of Anatomy, Symbiosis Medical College for Women & Symbiosis University Hospital and Research Centre, Symbiosis International (Deemed University) , Pune, 412115, India. k.vijayakumar@smcw.siu.edu.in.
BMC public health
|December 3, 2025
概括
一个文化敏感的教育计划通过使用计划行为理论 (TPB) 改善知识和态度,显著提高了印度的捐献意图. 这种方法可以帮助解决全球捐助者短缺问题.
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 器官捐赠对于医学培训和研究至关重要,但由于意识低和文化障碍,它面临着全球性的短缺问题.
- 计划行为理论 (TPB) 为理解和影响捐赠意图提供了一个框架.
- 这项研究评估了一种文化定制的,基于TPB的干预措施,以改善印度的器官捐赠决定因素.
研究的目的:
- 评估文化敏感的,基于TPB的教育干预对捐献身体意图的有效性.
- 提高关键的行为决定因素,包括知识,态度,主观规范和感知行为控制.
- 为了确定印度成年人群体体捐献意图的预测因素.
主要方法:
- 一个准实验性的前后设计,有163名成年参与者.
- 一个多元组件的干预,涉及多媒体,讨论和实际的注册指导.
- 经过验证的TPB问卷评估了干预前后的构造,使用统计分析包括t测试和回归.
主要成果:
- 在干预后的所有TPB构造中观察到显著的改善 (p < 0.001),对于知识增加的影响大小 (科恩的d = 1.25)).
- 态度,主观规范和感知到的行为控制独立地预测了意图,解释了52%的差异 (R2 = 0.52).
- 干预后捐献意图上升至66%,受到先前知识,城市环境,男性性别,教育和年龄的影响.
结论:
- 一个基于TPB的,文化适应的教育干预有效地增加了印度成年人对捐献身体的知识和意图.
- 这项研究强调了理论驱动的,文化敏感的计划的潜力,以促进人体捐献的准备.
- 研究结果提供了可扩展的策略,以减轻在不同全球背景下的供体短缺.
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