艾滋病毒流行环境中的SARS-CoV-2进化:来自博茨瓦纳的基因组流行病学研究
Xuhua Geng1, Ivan Barilar2, Monamodi Kesamang3
1Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|December 3, 2025
概括
在博茨瓦纳,艾滋病毒感染在奥米克朗时期没有显著改变SARS-CoV-2的演变. 然而,艾滋病毒阳性个体的微妙聚类表明潜在的宿主特异性影响,强调需要持续的基因组监测.
科学领域:
- 基因组流行病学基因组流行病学
- 病毒的进化是病毒的进化.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 艾滋病毒感染可以影响SARS-CoV-2 (严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2) 感染动态.
- 有限的人口级基因组数据存在于艾滋病毒流行环境中.
- 博茨瓦纳的高艾滋病毒流行率和基因组基础设施为研究宿主变异在奥米克朗时期对SARS-CoV-2演变的影响提供了一个独特的环境.
研究的目的:
- 研究宿主免疫变异,特别是艾滋病毒状态对SARS-CoV-2进化的影响.
- 在艾滋病毒流行环境中分析Omicron时期的SARS-CoV-2在人口层面的基因组证据.
主要方法:
- 一项基于人口的基因组流行病学研究在博茨瓦纳进行.
- 收集了404个SARS-CoV-2阳性样本,产生了387个高质量的基因组.
- 重建和可视化了家族遗传树,并结合了参与者的艾滋病毒状况和疫苗接种史.
主要成果:
- 检测到六次连续的Omicron亚系波,表明病毒的反复引入.
- 来自艾滋病毒阳性和艾滋病毒阴性个体的SARS-CoV-2基因组间隔,没有显示艾滋病毒状况的人口级别分离.
- 在特定的SARS-CoV-2亚系 (BA,JN,KP) 中观察到小群的HIV阳性宿主.
结论:
- 在接受高度治疗和接种疫苗的人群中,艾滋病毒感染并没有从根本上改变 SARS-CoV-2 在人口层面的进化轨迹.
- 艾滋病毒阳性宿主之间的微妙聚类表明对病毒适应的潜在宿主特异性影响.
- 持续的基因组监测整合宿主数据对于检测病毒适应的早期信号至关重要.
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