[全球麻疹疫情] 麻疹的全球爆发
Ju-Young Sim1, Jae-Hwa Chung1, Ji-Young Oh1
1질병관리청 위기대응분석관 위기분석담당관.
Jugan geon-gang gwa jilbyeong
|December 3, 2025
概括
全球麻疹病例在2023年升,原因是放宽了COVID-19措施和减少了疫苗接种率. 国际旅行的增加促进了快速传播,突出了预防疫情爆发的强有力的疫苗接种战略的必要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 全球麻疹病例在2023年随着COVID-19公共卫生措施的放松和国际旅行的恢复而显著增加.
- 世界卫生组织在2023年报告了大约32万例麻疹病例,从2022年的17万例大幅增加,即使在麻疹消除的地区也发生了疫情.
- 低疫苗接种率,加剧了与疫情相关的免疫服务中断,加上全球流动性增加,被确定为复苏的麻疹传播的主要驱动因素.
研究的目的:
- 分析最近全球麻疹病例的增加,并确定导致的因素.
- 评估疫苗接种率下降和旅行增加对麻疹流行病学的影响.
- 为预防和控制麻疹的公共卫生战略提供信息,旨在实现世卫组织的2030年根除目标.
主要方法:
- 世界卫生组织报告的2022年和2023年全球麻疹病例数据的分析.
- 在COVID-19大流行期间,导致疫苗接种率下降的因素的审查.
- 评估国际旅行在麻疹病毒传播中的作用.
主要成果:
- 与2022年相比,2023年全球麻疹病例增加了一倍多.
- 未接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的人群不成比例地受到社区爆发的影响.
- 截至2022年,韩国共和国保持了高群体免疫力 (>95%),但特定年龄组和国际旅行者仍然存在风险.
结论:
- 保持高的疫苗接种率对于控制麻疹和实现2030年根除目标至关重要.
- 加强监测,检疫措施,公共卫生教育和国际合作至关重要.
- 对于前往或从有活跃疫情的地区旅行的人士,建议在旅行前接种麻疹疫苗,并对国内进行警监测,以防止进口.
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