医疗保健中生成人工智能的伦理和实际挑战和建议的解决方案:一项调查调查
Tina Tung1, Shah Md Nehal Hasnaeen2, Xiaopeng Zhao3
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States.
Frontiers in digital health
|December 3, 2025
概括
医疗保健中的生成人工智能 (AI) 面临着诸如偏见和隐私风险等道德挑战. 解决这些问题需要采用多层次的方法,结合技术,程序和监管解决方案,以确保安全和公平的部署.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健技术 技术 医疗保健 技术
- 人工智能伦理学 人工智能伦理学
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 生成型人工智能 (AI) 正在迅速改变医疗保健.
- 采用人工智能引入了伦理和实际挑战,包括算法偏见,模两可的责任,缺乏透明度和数据隐私风险.
- 这些挑战可能会破坏患者的信任,加剧健康差异,需要通过负责任的人工智能集成来解决这些问题.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查医疗保健中的生成人工智能景观.
- 识别人工智能应用及其相关的伦理和实际挑战.
- 评估当前的解决方案,并为负责任的人工智能部署提出框架.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA 2020指南进行系统审查.
- 搜索了PubMed和谷歌学者在2020年1月至2025年5月之间发表的文章.
- 通过主题叙事合成分析了54篇选定的文章.
主要成果:
- 生成性人工智能越来越多地被整合到医学培训,研究和临床实践中.
- 主要挑战包括系统偏见,未解决的法律责任,模型透明度问题 ("黑子"问题) 和数据隐私风险.
- 建议的解决方案包括技术 (如可解释的人工智能),程序 (如利益相关者监督) 和监管策略.
结论:
- 目前用于医疗保健中的生成人工智能的解决方案是分散的,并面临实施障碍.
- 仅仅是技术修复是不够的;强大的治理,明确的法律准则和专业教育是至关重要的.
- 为了在医疗保健中安全,公平和道德地部署生成性AI,社会技术方法至关重要.
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