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相关概念视频

Uncertainty in Measurement: Reading Instruments02:46

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Counting is the type of measurement that is free from uncertainty, provided the number of objects being counted does not change during the process. Such measurements result in exact numbers. By counting the eggs in a carton, for instance, one can determine exactly how many eggs are there in the carton. Similarly, the numbers of defined quantities are also exact. For example, 1 foot is exactly 12 inches, 1 inch is exactly 2.54 centimeters, and 1 gram is exactly 0.001 kilograms. Quantities...
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For effective statistical analysis, data are classified into four levels of measurement—nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio.
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Temperature is measured using the interval scale. It is measurable data, and the difference between...
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Multiple comparison test, abbreviated as MCT, is a post hoc analysis generally performed after comparing multiple samples with one or more tests. An MCT will help identify a significantly different sample among multiple samples or a factor among multiple factors.
It would be easy to compare two samples using a significance alpha level of 0.05. In other words, there is only one sample pair to be compared. However, it would be difficult to identify a significantly different sample if the number...
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The Wald-Wolfowitz runs test, commonly referred to as the runs test, is a nonparametric test used to assess the randomness of ordered data. The test evaluates the number of runs, which are consecutive sequences of similar elements within the data. If the number of runs is significantly higher or lower than expected, the data is considered non-random, indicating a detectable pattern or structure.
For binary data, runs are identified using symbols such as + and −, or equivalently, 1s and...
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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments01:30

Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments

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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments (EDMs) are essential tools in modern surveying, offering precise distance measurements by emitting electromagnetic signals and calculating the time required for these signals to travel to a target and return. Two primary types of signals are used in EDMs — light waves and microwaves — each suited to specific environmental and distance requirements. Light-wave-based EDMs utilize either infrared or laser light, providing high accuracy over...
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Differential leveling is a precise method in surveying used to determine the elevation difference between two points. Its primary goal is to establish accurate vertical measurements to create level surfaces or grade lines critical for designing and constructing infrastructures such as roads, bridges, and buildings.The procedure for differential leveling begins with setting up and leveling the instrument at a point where the benchmark can be seen. The level rod is held on the benchmark (BM), and...
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相关实验视频

Updated: May 2, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Refractive Surgical Correction for Presbyopia and Exploring Postoperative Visual Acuity
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Published on: September 20, 2024

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低级和高级偏差的比较:Zywave® II哈特曼-沙克波面偏差计与佩拉米斯金字塔式偏差计.

Siamak Zarei-Ghanavati1,2, Mojtaba Abrishami1,3, Maryam Hedayati1

  • 1Eye Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Khatam-Al-Anbia Eye Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Journal of current ophthalmology
|December 3, 2025
PubMed
概括

齐瓦夫II和佩拉米斯异常计显示出低阶异常 (LOA) 和高阶异常 (HOA) 的良好一致性. 然而,它们对特定的第三和第四阶偏差的一致性很差,这表明这些测量不能互换.

关键词:
这是一个异常计 (aberrometer).哈特曼震动技术的技术一个更高阶的偏差.佩拉米斯的CSO异常计这是一种金字塔式技术.齐瓦维®II波浪偏差计的波浪偏差计

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科学领域:

  • 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
  • 视光学测量 视光学测量 视光学测量
  • 视觉科学 视觉科学 视觉科学

背景情况:

  • 眼偏差测量对于理解视觉质量至关重要.
  • 像Zywave II和Peramis这样的异常计用于量化较低和较高阶异常 (LOA和HOA).
  • 评估设备协议对于可靠的临床应用至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 评估Zywave II和Peramis对LOA和HOA测量的异常计之间的协议.
  • 为了比较没有循环的动态偏差测量.

主要方法:

  • 对21名参与者 (20-45岁) 的42只眼睛进行前性比较研究.
  • 排除了眼部手术,创伤,最近佩戴隐形眼镜或眼部/全身疾病的参与者.
  • 设备之间的LOA (球体,圆柱体) 和RMS昏迷,球形偏差和第三和第四级HOA总量的比较.

主要成果:

  • 对于LOA (球体,圆柱体) 的优秀协议,在6毫米瞳孔上,ICC为0.96 (右眼) 和0.95 (左眼).
  • 在5毫米和6毫米瞳孔大小的总HOA (t.HOA) 和总偏差RMS上达成良好至优异的协议.
  • 在两个学生大小的第三和第四阶段异常中,发现一致性较差.

结论:

  • 齐瓦夫II和佩拉米斯异常计在测量球体,圆柱体,t.HOA和总异常方面表现出一致.
  • 第三和第四阶段偏差测量的显著差异表明设备之间不可互换.
  • 临床使用需要谨慎地解释这些异常计的特定高阶偏差数据.