概括
在2023年,3.8%的美国成年人被诊断为慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD). 患病率因性别,年龄,种族/民族,收入,地区,健康状况和功能限制而异.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
背景情况:
- 慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
- 了解COPD的流行率和社会人口差异对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 根据年龄调整,对美国18岁及以上成年人诊断的COPD患病率进行估计.
- 使用2023年NHIS数据,检查COPD与选定的社会人口统计和健康特征之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 分析2023年国家健康访谈调查 (NHIS) 数据.
- 根据年龄调整的患病率估计,使用SAS可调用的SUDAAN计算,用于复杂的调查设计.
- 统计学意义评估在0.05级;使用后勤回归分析趋势.
主要成果:
- 在18岁以上的成年人中,整体年龄调整后的COPD患病率为3.8%.
- 在女性,老年人和中西部和南部的人群中观察到更高的患病率.
- 亚洲非西班牙裔成年人和家庭收入较高的人群中患病率较低.
- 强烈的COPD和公平/糟糕的自我评价健康和功能限制之间的联系.
结论:
- 在不同社会人口和健康群体中,COPD患病率存在显著差异.
- 调查结果突出了针对COPD差异的定制公共卫生战略的必要性.
- 持续的监测和研究对于有效的COPD管理和预防至关重要.
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