衰老对肢体轨迹控制和动态平衡的影响在障碍谈判期间
概括
年长的成年人谨慎地适应,通过增加脚在障碍物上的距离来避免跌倒. 然而,这种适应与减少平衡恢复能力相结合,增加了跌倒风险.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 人类运动科学科学 人类运动科学
背景情况:
- 跌倒是一个常见的问题,跌倒障碍物是主要原因.
- 了解衰老如何影响跨越障碍的能力,对于预防跌倒的策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查老龄化对在障碍物谈判过程中摇摆脚空隙和动态平衡的影响.
- 识别与跨越障碍物相关的步态参数与年龄相关的变化.
主要方法:
- 34名参与者 (15名年轻人,19名老年人) 跨越了4厘米,8厘米和16厘米的障碍物.
- 测量了脚障碍清除距离,脚障碍距离,稳定边际 (MOS) 和可用响应时间 (ART).
- 分析了主导和非主导的和尾肢的数据.
主要成果:
- 较老的成年人显示脚清除增加,特别是在非主导肢体,作为一种保护措施.
- 衰老与小径四肢清除期间的MOS和ART减少有关,这表明平衡恢复受损.
- 老年人的足部清除增加表明谨慎的策略,但减少的MOS和ART表明潜在的稳定性问题.
结论:
- 年长的成年人采用谨慎的策略 (增加脚清除) 来减轻倒的风险.
- 老龄化会损害平衡恢复机制 (降低MOS和ART),尽管谨慎清除,但可能会增加跌倒风险.
- 干预措施应针对提高摇脚清除率和改善平衡恢复,以防止老年人跌倒.
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