增强pTα的mRNA转化和强化CAR T细胞的固体瘤根除
Yuzhe Shi1, Michael A Lopez1, Ivan S Kotchetkov2
1Columbia Initiative in Cell Engineering and Therapy (CICET), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Cell
|December 3, 2025
概括
将T细胞前特征整合到嵌合抗原受体 (CAR) T细胞中,提高了它们的持久性和功效. 这种新型的CAR疗法通过促进T细胞功能来改善液体和固体瘤的控制.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 癌症生物学
- 分子生物学
背景情况:
- 化学抗原受体 (CAR) T 细胞疗法在血液恶性瘤和自身免疫性疾病中显示出有效性.
- 目前CAR T细胞对固体瘤的有限活性需要增强功能持久性和功效的策略.
- 预T细胞受体信号,特别是pTα链,在β选择过程中驱动着胸细胞增殖.
研究的目的:
- 探索将T细胞前特征集成到基于CD28的CAR中,以增强CART细胞的功能.
- 研究pTα 1A域对CAR T细胞扩张,持久性和抗瘤活性的影响.
- 阐明这些新型CAR增强有效性的分子机制.
主要方法:
- 将 pTα 1A 域纳入基于 CD28 的正规 CAR 结构的工程 CAR.
- 评估了CAR T细胞扩张,细胞因子产生,体内持久性和耗尽标记.
- 在液体和固体瘤的临床前模型中评估了抗瘤功效.
- 研究了Y盒结合蛋白1 (YBX1) 酸化在CAR T细胞功能中的作用.
主要成果:
- 携带 pTα 1A 域的 CAR 显著增加了 T 细胞扩张,细胞因子产生和体内持久性.
- 在液体和固体瘤模型中,这些修改后的CAR T细胞表现出较低的疲劳,并提供了优异的长期瘤控制.
- 在1A域的CAR中观察到持续的YBX1酸化,对增强瘤根除至关重要.
结论:
- 将pTα 1A域集成到CAR中是一种有前途的策略,可以增强T细胞的功能,克服固体瘤治疗的局限性.
- 通过持续的YBX1酸化,pTα 1A域促进了CAR T细胞的活性,突出显示了mRNA转化调节的重要性.
- 在T细胞中编程mRNA翻译为增强针对各种癌症的免疫疗法提供了一种新的治疗途径.
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