偏远澳大利亚的土著婴儿保留了祖先的肠道微生物组,尽管侵占了西方化
Leonard C Harrison1,2, Theo R Allnutt3,4, Sarah Hanieh5
1Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia. harrison@wehi.edu.au.
Nature communications
|December 3, 2025
概括
与城市同行相比,土著婴儿拥有更多样化的肠道微生物群,富含细菌,病毒和真菌. 这凸显了传统生活方式对婴儿肠道健康的持久影响.
科学领域:
- 微生物组研究的研究.
- 土著健康土著健康
- 儿科的转基因组学
背景情况:
- 肠道微生物组研究往往忽视了传统的土著人口,特别是在生命早期.
- 关于文化背景和环境如何塑造婴儿肠道微生物组的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较澳大利亚土著婴儿与非土著澳大利亚婴儿的肠道转基因组.
- 研究传统生活方式和偏远环境对生命早期肠道微生物组成的影响.
主要方法:
- 来自50名偏远的澳大利亚土著婴儿 (<1岁) 和年龄/性别匹配的城市非土著婴儿的肠道转基因组分析.
- 微生物多样性 (α和β多样性),物种丰富性和病毒/真菌负载的比较.
主要成果:
- 原住民婴儿在肠道微生物组中表现出更大的α多样性和明显的β多样性.
- 在114个物种和38个属中观察到显著的差异,在土著婴儿中,特定细菌 (例如Bifidobacteria) 的数量更高.
- 原住民婴儿的肠道病毒和真菌负载显著增加.
结论:
- 原住民婴儿的肠道微生物组保留了传统社会的关键特征,尽管西方的影响.
- 偏远的环境和传统的生活方式是维持婴儿肠道微生物组多样性的主要因素.
相关概念视频
01:23Anatomy of the Intestines
86.6K
Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
86.6K
01:29Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine
1.5K
The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
1.5K
01:23Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells
3.1K
The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
3.1K