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Updated: Jan 9, 2026

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甲基因组测序使得在复杂的尿路感染中能够在大约四个小时内准确地分析病原体和抗微生物敏感性

Anurag Basavaraj Bellankimath¹, Sverre Branders¹, Isabell Kegel^2,3

¹Department of Biotechnology, University of Inland Norway, Hamar, Norway.

Nature communications

|December 3, 2025

概括

这项研究引入了一种快速的,独立于培养的方法,用于使用纳米孔测序来诊断尿路感染 (UTI). 它在病原体识别和抗菌素敏感性方面实现了高精度,为传统诊断提供了更快,更经济的替代方案.

科学领域:

微生物学微生物学
基因组学就是基因组学.
传染性疾病传染性疾病

背景情况:

尿路感染 (UTI) 是一个全球性的健康问题,每年影响数百万人.
目前的诊断方法,主要是基于培养的,耗时 (2-4天),延迟治疗.
迫切需要快速,准确和经济高效的尿路感染诊断解决方案.

研究的目的:

通过纳米孔测序来评估尿路感染诊断的培养独立方法.
优化样本准备和数据分析,以快速识别病原体和抗菌素敏感性测试 (AST).
与传统诊断相比,评估开发的方法的成本效益和临床效用.

主要方法:

评估了78名复杂的尿路感染患者的11种独立于培养的样本制备技术.
利用实时纳米孔测序 (mNGS) 进行元基因组分析.
将mNGS结果与既有临床方法 (如MALDI-TOF和VITEK-2) 进行比较以验证.

主要成果:

优化的mNGS方法实现了99%的病原体识别准确度和90%的AST准确度.
在检测低病原体负载 (32 细胞/μL) 和低细菌与宿主细胞比率 (0.5) 中表现出强度.
确定了13种错过的病原体,与现有方法相比,提供了高达30%的成本节省.

结论:

通过mNGS进行快速,独立于培养的尿路感染诊断可以在大约四小时内实现.
该方法通过启用知情的治疗决策和减少经验治疗来增强诊断和抗菌药物管理.
这种具有成本效益和可扩展的方法具有显著的临床采用和改善患者结果的潜力.

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