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生命早期微生物组衍生的胆酸特征及其与小岛自身免疫的关联

Santosh Lamichhane^1,2,3, Alex M Dickens^4,5, Tanja Buchacher^4,6

¹Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland. santosh.lamichhane@utu.fi.

Nature communications

|December 3, 2025

概括

早期的肠道微生物产生结合胆酸,影响免疫发育. 特定胆酸结合物的水平变化与小岛自身免疫有关,可能会增加1型糖尿病的风险.

科学领域:

微生物学微生物学
免疫学免疫学免疫学
代谢学代谢学代谢学

背景情况:

肠道微生物将氨基酸与胆汁酸结合,形成微生物结合的胆汁酸.
这些结合胆汁酸的调节和对健康的影响尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

为了分析生命早期的微生物结合胆酸模式.
调查这些模式与小岛自身免疫之间的联系.
探索与肠道微生物组合和免疫细胞功能的关联.

主要方法:

在303个婴儿 (3-36个月) 的纵向便样本中量化了110种微生物胆酸.
与开发了小岛自身抗体的儿童与自身抗体阴性对照进行了比较.
与肠道微生物组合和免疫细胞激活标记物相关联的胆酸概况.

主要成果:

确定了微生物结合胆汁酸的独特的年龄依赖轨迹.
发现与小岛自身免疫相关的ursodeoxycholic和deoxycholic酸结合物的水平发生变化.
观察到单细胞激活和Th17/Treg细胞平衡的调节.

结论:

微生物结合胆酸在免疫系统发育中起作用.
特定的胆酸合物与岛屿自身免疫和1型糖尿病的风险增加有关.

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