食用植物营养素的肠道微生物组介导的转化与健康结果有关
Lu Zhang1, Andrea Marfil-Sánchez1, Ting-Hao Kuo2
1Department of Microbiome Dynamics, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (Leibniz-HKI), Jena, Germany.
Nature microbiology
|December 3, 2025
概括
肠道细菌转化植物植物营养素,影响健康. 他们的活动在人与地方之间有很大差异,并且可能随着疾病而改变,这表明个性化的饮食可以改善福祉.
科学领域:
- 微生物组研究的研究.
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 代谢工程是代谢工程.
背景情况:
- 植物性饮食提供复杂的植物营养素,但肠道细菌在代谢中发挥的作用尚不清楚.
- 植物营养素是具有潜在健康益处的植物化合物,但它们与人类肠道微生物群的相互作用需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究肠道细菌的大规模植物营养素代谢活动.
- 探索肠道微生物酶,植物营养素转化和人类健康状况之间的关系.
- 评估基于微生物组功能的个性化营养策略的潜力.
主要方法:
- 对酶反应,食品健康益处和人类微生物组的多个数据库的综合分析 (n=3,068).
- 在体外测试以验证植物营养素的微生物生物转化.
- 机器学习模型使用病例对照微生物组 (n=2,486) 的酶丰度来预测健康状况.
- 在小鼠中的元基因组学和元转录组学,将微生物群酶与植物抗炎活性联系起来.
主要成果:
- 确定了参与食用植物775种植物营养素的转化中的微生物酶.
- 在实验室中验证了肠道微生物的生物转化能力,如Eubacterium ramulus.
- 在植物营养素生物转化中表现出显著的人际和地理差异.
- 机器学习模型成功地根据酶配置文件区分了健康状况,表明了疾病中的改变生物转化潜力.
- 链接微生物群编码的酶与食用植物的抗炎作用.
结论:
- 肠道微生物组在代谢食植物营养素方面发挥着至关重要的作用,具有显著的个体变异性.
- 与植物营养素代谢相关的微生物酶活性变化可能表明疾病状态.
- 这些发现支持开发针对肠道微生物群的个性化饮食干预措施,以改善健康结果.
相关概念视频
The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition
46.5K
Plants have the impressive ability to create their own food through photosynthesis. However, plants often require assistance from organisms in the soil to acquire the nutrients they need to function correctly. Both bacteria and fungi have evolved symbiotic relationships with plants that help the species to thrive in a wide variety of environments.
46.5K
Transduction
1.1K
Among the three main modes of HGT—transformation, conjugation, and transduction—transduction is unique in that it is mediated by bacteriophages, or bacterial viruses.Transduction occurs in two ways. Generalized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection. In this process, bacteriophages infect bacterial cells, replicate within them, and ultimately cause cell lysis, releasing newly assembled virions. Occasionally, random fragments of the bacterial genome...
1.1K
Transgenic Plants
8.4K
Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
8.4K
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics
917
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
917
Drug Biotransformation: Overview
3.5K
Pharmaceutical substances known as xenobiotics are predominantly lipophilic and nonionized. This enables them to permeate lipid bilayers, such as cell membranes, and interact with intracellular target receptors. Lipophilic drugs have an advantage in crossing biological barriers and reaching their intended sites of action. However, lipophilic drugs often have a restricted capacity for renal expulsion or elimination from the body. When these drugs enter the kidneys and undergo glomerular...
3.5K
Drug Biotransformation: Overview
2.4K
Biotransformation, also known as drug metabolism, is a vital physiological process that chemically alters drugs, facilitating their elimination from the body and terminating their action. This process involves two main phases: phase I and phase II reactions. Phase I reactions, including oxidation, reduction, and hydrolysis, introduce or unmask polar functional groups on the drug molecule, thereby increasing its water solubility. By enhancing water solubility, the drug becomes more hydrophilic...
2.4K


