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Computed Tomography01:10

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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
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从计算机断层扫描图像中诊断肺癌使用深度学习算法与随机像素交换数据增强:算法开发和验证研究

Ayomide Adeyemi Abe1, Mpumelelo Nyathi1

  • 1Department of Medical Physics, Sefako Makgatho Health Science University, Molotlegi St, Zone 1, Garankuwa, Pretoria, 0208, South Africa, 27 813208348.

JMIR bioinformatics and biotechnology
|December 4, 2025
PubMed
概括

随机像素交换 (RPS) 改进了自动肺癌诊断,使用CT扫描上的深度学习. 这种新型数据增强技术提高了模型准确性,用于早期检测.

关键词:
肺癌的诊断 肺癌的诊断 肺癌的诊断卷积神经网络是一种卷积神经网络.数据增强数据增强深度学习是一种深度学习.随机的像素交换随机的像素交换变压器变压器变压器变压器

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科学领域:

  • 医疗成像医学成像
  • 人工智能的人工智能
  • 计算机视觉 计算机视觉

背景情况:

  • 深度学习 (DL) 显示出从CT扫描中自动化肺癌诊断的潜力.
  • 有限的临床数据和多样化的DL架构给诊断性能带来了挑战.
  • 现有的数据增强 (DA) 方法经常与胸部CT扫描数据相扎.

研究的目的:

  • 引入随机像素交换 (RPS),一种新的DA技术,用于增强肺癌诊断中的DL模型.
  • 用CT扫描图像评估RPS在卷积神经网络 (CNN) 和变压器上的有效性.
  • 提高自动肺癌检测的准确性和可靠性.

主要方法:

  • 通过随机交换CT扫描图像中的像素,RPS生成增强数据.
  • 在ResNet,MobileNet,视觉变压器和Swin变压器模型上评估RPS.
  • 使用了两个公开的CT数据集,并测量了准确性和AUROC,通过配对的t测试评估了统计意义.

主要成果:

  • RPS的性能优于最先进的DA方法,如切割,随机擦除,混合和CutMix.
  • 在IQ-OTH/NCCD数据集上实现了高精度 (97.56%) 和AUROC (98.61%).
  • 在胸部CT扫描图像数据集上表现出卓越的性能 (97.78%准确率,99.46%AUROC).

结论:

  • 该RPS技术显著增强CNN和变压器模型用于肺癌诊断.
  • RPS提供了一个有前途的方法,可以通过CT扫描更准确地自动检测肺癌.
  • 这一进步凸显了人工智能在早期肺癌检测方面的潜力.