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杂交抑郁影响了意大利霍尔斯坦牛的稳定性

J C C Panetto¹, C Maltecca², M Ablondi³

¹Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, 50144 Florence, Italy; Embrapa Dairy Cattle, 36038-330 Juiz de Fora, Brazil.

Journal of dairy science

|December 4, 2025

概括

增加意大利霍尔斯坦牛的近亲繁殖对它们的寿命和生产力产生了负面影响. 基因组内生育测量显示对稳定性的影响更大,最近的内生育比古代的内生育更显著的负面影响.

科学领域:

动物遗传学动物遗传学
乳牛养殖乳牛养殖乳牛养殖
量化遗传学量化遗传学

背景情况:

基因组选择和辅助生殖技术的进步提高了奶牛的生产力.
精英公主/公母的广泛使用导致了内生繁殖的增加,从而危及动物的表现.
亲生生殖抑郁症会影响乳牛的生产,繁殖和功能长寿.

研究的目的:

评估近亲繁殖对意大利霍尔斯坦种群稳定性的影响.
为了比较不同的估计近亲繁殖系数的方法 (血统,基因组学,同胞性运行).
为了区分最近与古代近亲繁殖对牛稳定性的影响.

主要方法:

在5个平价期 (例如STAY12,STAY23) 中评估了稳定性.
使用血统,基因组关系和同卵性 (ROH) 运行来估计内生殖系数.
贝叶斯模型估计了近亲繁殖对稳定性的影响,包括牛奶产量作为固定效应.

主要成果:

增加的近亲繁殖不断地降低了意大利霍尔斯坦牛的稳定性.
基因组杂交测量捕获了比基于血统的方法更大的杂交抑郁效应.
从长ROH段 (>2Mb) 的内生繁殖降低了稳定性,这表明最近的内生繁殖的负面影响.

结论:

在意大利霍尔斯坦种群中,近亲繁殖显著降低了奶牛的稳定性.
最近的近亲繁殖比古代的近亲繁殖对稳定性构成更大的风险.
选择指数应纳入生产水平,并对未来的近亲繁殖进行惩罚,以进行准确的稳定性分析.

关键词:

乳制品乳制品是一种乳制品.亲生繁殖是一种亲生繁殖.血统谱系血统谱系血统谱系一系列的同卵性性.

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