在热带环境下160公里超耐力比赛中的温度调节和水分动力学:对80名跑步者的实地研究
Nicolas Bouscaren1,2, Laetitia Berly3, Guillaume Descombes4
1USMD, Délégation de la Recherche Clinique et de l'Innovation, CHU Réunion, 97448, Saint-Pierre, France. nicolas.bouscaren@chu-reunion.fr.
Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
|December 4, 2025
概括
超耐力跑者保持安全的核心体温 (<40°C),尽管在160公里比赛中显著的体重损失. 这表明,在极端跑步事件中,体重变化是生理适应,而不是性能限制因素.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 环境生理学环境生理学
背景情况:
- 温度调节和水合对于超耐力运动员来说至关重要.
- 热带环境由于热量和湿度带来了独特的挑战.
- 了解极端比赛中的生理反应对于安全和性能至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查在热带环境下160公里超耐力比赛期间跑步者的温度调节和水合动力学.
- 确定影响核心体温和体质变化的因素.
- 评估生理反应与比赛表现之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在80名跑步者身上,使用可吞的遥测囊监测核心体温 (Tcore).
- 记录了人体质量,液体摄入量和环境条件 (温度,湿度).
- 使用线性混合效应建模来分析数据.
主要成果:
- 平均Tcore为37.9°C,峰值值达到了38.9°C.
- 跑步者平均损失了4.8%的体重,其中31%的体重超过6%.
- 核心温度受到BMI,年龄,速度,环境因素和种族进展的影响.
结论:
- 超耐力跑者可以保持核心温度低于40°C,尽管显著的身体质量损失.
- 显著的体重变化似乎是一种正常的生理适应,而不是高温症的风险.
- 建议根据长期事件的真实数据制定个性化水化策略.
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