贫困儿童非典型运动发育的背景风险因素:一项纵向研究
Carolina Fioroni Ribeiro da Silva1, Ana Luiza Righetto Greco2, Afrânio Márcio Corrêa Vieira3
1The Institute of Medical Sociology, Department of General Paediatrics, Neonatology and Paediatric Cardiology, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany.
Acta psychologica
|December 4, 2025
概括
暴露于贫困的婴儿在六个月时表现出较低的运动发育得分. 男性性别和单亲父母身份是危险因素,而精细的运动玩具和照顾者的存在是保护性的.
科学领域:
- 儿科发展神经科学 儿科发展神经科学
- 儿童健康的社会经济差异
- 婴儿运动发育 婴儿运动发育
背景情况:
- 在社会经济上处于劣势的环境与较差的儿童健康结果有关.
- 婴儿期是神经可塑性的关键时期,但对贫困影响的研究是有限的.
- 了解弱势婴儿的早期发育对于及时干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定特定的运动发育领域和评估时间,暴露在贫困中的婴儿得分较低.
- 确定与婴儿期异常运动发育相关的环境风险和保护因素.
- 为面临社会经济逆境的婴儿提供有针对性的支持策略.
主要方法:
- 预期纵向研究设计.
- 包括50名暴露于贫困的婴儿 (暴露组) 和38名未暴露的婴儿.
- 使用婴儿运动概况 (IMP) 进行运动发育评估,并通过多重回归和通用估计方程进行统计分析.
主要成果:
- 六个月后,暴露的婴儿在运动变化,流动性和总IMP方面得分明显较低.
- 在七个月后,暴露的婴儿显示出明显较低的流利度得分.
- 男性性别和单亲父母身份被确定为非典型运动发育的关键风险因素,而获得精美的运动玩具和在评估时的年龄更大是保护性的.
结论:
- 六个月的年龄可能是贫困的婴儿的敏感发育时期.
- 同居的照顾者和精细的运动玩具的可用性起到保护性因素,防止异常运动发展.
- 早期识别风险因素和保护因素可以减轻对婴儿神经发育的长期影响.
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