全球卫生法改革中的人权局限性
Neiloy R Sircar1, Safura Abdool Karim2, Lisa Forman3
1University of Minnesota School of Law, USA.
Public health
|December 4, 2025
概括
新的世卫组织流行病协议和国际卫生法规 (IHR) 改革缺乏明确的人权承诺,冒着问责制的风险. 将人权纳入治理,对于抗击疫情的准备和公平性至关重要.
科学领域:
- 全球卫生法 全球卫生法
- 国际关系 国际关系
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 世界卫生大会于2025年5月20日通过了世卫组织的流行病协议,以及2024年对国际卫生条例 (IHR) 的修正案.
- 这些改革旨在加强疫情防控,解决全球卫生不平等问题,并加强有弹性的卫生系统.
- 尽管在COVID-19侵犯人权后呼吁进行改革,但最终文本优先考虑"公平"和"团结"而不是明确的人权承诺.
研究的目的:
- 分析在流行病治理工具中优先考虑更广泛的原则而不是明确的人权的影响.
- 评估在新的流行病准备框架内对基于权利的问责制的潜在限制.
- 建议采取可行的措施,将人权纳入"流行病协定"的治理,监测和报告机制.
主要方法:
- 与国际人权法标准相比,对世卫组织"全球流行病协定"和国际人权法修正案进行法律比较分析.
- 检查拟议的流行病治理结构中的问责机制.
- 对"实施陷"风险的政策分析以及缔约方会议 (COP) 进程的作用.
主要成果:
- 世卫组织疫情协议的最终文本和IHR修正案将明确的人权承诺稀释为"公平"和"团结"等法律上不那么精确的原则.
- 这种转变可能会削弱全球流行病治理中的基于权利的问责制,尽管我们从COVID-19中吸取了教训.
- 如果没有具体的机构设计,特别是在COP过程中,就会存在"实施陷"的重大风险,目标缺乏可执行的后续行动.
结论:
- 目前的改革有可能未能将人权作为流行病治理的核心支柱.
- 需要采取具体措施,将人权纳入治理,监测和报告框架.
- 确保人权处于中心地位对于"大流行协议"履行其公平,团结和权利保护的承诺至关重要.
相关概念视频
International Nursing Organizations II
1.3K
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations based in Geneva. The WHO has many initiatives that center around health. Primarily, they lead global efforts to expand universal health coverage using science-based policies and programs. They are also responsible for shaping health research agendas and developing norms and standards.
The WHO provides expert team support, including funding, vaccines, testing, and treatment tools at the country level to fight...
The WHO provides expert team support, including funding, vaccines, testing, and treatment tools at the country level to fight...
1.3K
Primary Healthcare Services
1.9K
Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
1.9K
Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
3.9K
At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
3.9K
Standards of Care I
1.0K
Federal statutes profoundly impact nursing practice, providing critical guidelines to ensure patient care is equitable, accessible, and of the highest quality. The following laws address distinct aspects of healthcare provision and patient rights:
1.0K
Ethical Issues
2.0K
Nurses are essential in patient care, upholding the ethical principles of their profession and effectively navigating ethical dilemmas. Neglecting ethical issues can lead to inadequate patient care, compromised therapeutic relationships, and moral distress among healthcare workers.
Ethical Concerns in Healthcare:
Ethical Concerns in Healthcare:
2.0K
Standards of Care II
1.0K
Nurses bear specific legal responsibilities under several federal statutes, including:
1.0K


