一种结构上不同,来自Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) 的中性多糖. 德鲁斯通过PI3K-AKT-GSK3β/FoxO1信号通路改善高血糖症
1College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China; College of Agriculture and Horticulture, Huaihua Vocational and Technical College, Huaihua, 418000, China.
Journal of ethnopharmacology
|December 4, 2025
概括
波利戈纳图姆 (Polygonatum odoratum) (Mill.) 是一个有气味的植物. 德鲁斯多糖 (POP1) 通过激活关键信号通路,有效降低高血糖小鼠的血糖. 它的独特结构,包括β-果糖酸残留物和特定的糖键,对于这种低血糖活性至关重要.
科学领域:
- 药理学和中国传统医学
- 生物化学和分子生物学
背景情况:
- 在中国传统医学 (TCM) 中,糖尿病被归类为"消耗和渴病".
- 波利戈纳图姆 (Polygonatum odoratum) (Mill.) 是一个有气味的植物. 多糖 (POP) 显示出糖尿病管理的潜力,因为它们具有阴滋养和血糖调节的特性.
- 不完整的结构特征和缺乏机制研究阻碍了POPs在高血糖症治疗中的应用.
研究的目的:
- 从Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) 中分离和描述中性多糖体 (POP1) 的初级和高级结构. 德鲁斯 德鲁斯 德鲁斯
- 在小鼠模型中研究POP1对高血糖的保护作用.
- 阐明POP1低血糖作用的潜在分子机制.
主要方法:
- 采用热水提取和酒精沉来获得原始POPs,随后采用DEAE-52离子交换和Sephadex G-100凝过来净化POP1.
- 在POP1的结构性表征中,使用了HPLC,FT-IR,NMR,SEM和AFM.
- 一个高血糖小鼠模型是由高脂肪饮食和链毒素诱导的;治疗机制通过组织病理学,免疫光学,西式斑点和ELISA进行了评估.
主要成果:
- 由葡萄糖和曼诺组成的POP1,具有特定的甘油酸链接 (包括β-D-Fruf和α-D-Man),显著改善了小鼠的高血糖症.
- 低血糖效应是由PI3K/Akt/GSK3β/FoxO1通路的激活介导,促进肝脏糖原合成和抑制糖原分解.
- 关键的结构特征,如β-果黄残留物和1→6个甘氨酸键,以及形成状聚合物的分支链,被认为有助于POP1的生物活性.
结论:
- 通过调节胰岛素介导的糖原合成和葡萄糖生成,POP1表现出显著的低血糖活性.
- POP1的初级结构 (β-果酸黄残留物,1→6个甘氨酸键) 和更高阶结构 (形聚合物) 对其有效性至关重要.
- 作为一种功能性食品成分或药品补充剂,POP1具有管理高血糖的前景.
相关概念视频
Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides
526
Polysaccharides such as glycogen and starch are synthesized from nucleoside diphosphate sugars, primarily uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) and adenosine diphosphate glucose (ADPG). These activated glucose donors act as key intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism and biosynthesis. UDPG primarily involves glycogen synthesis in animals and many bacteria, while ADPG plays a fundamental role in starch synthesis in plants and certain bacteria.UDPG is formed when glucose-1-phosphate reacts with...
526
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors
559
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a...
559
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors
509
α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are...
Acarbose and miglitol are...
509
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists
820
Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
820
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway
5.3K
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast, mTORC2 consists of a...
5.3K
Oligosaccharide Assembly
3.5K
Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
3.5K


