感官干扰决定了息地适合于声学专业的捕食者
Aleena R Habib1,2, Julianna M A Jenkins3, Natalie M Rugg3,4
1Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA. aleenarhabib@gmail.com.
Scientific reports
|December 4, 2025
概括
噪音污染通过掩盖重要声音,从而导致息地避开,对北方猫头 (Aegolius acadicus) 产生负面影响. 这项研究表明,声音景观如何影响森林中的捕食者分布和空间使用.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 生物声学是一种生物声学.
- 动物行为 动物行为
背景情况:
- 环境声音景观显著影响动物的感知和与环境的互动.
- 对噪音的声学掩盖可以损害食,降低健康,并将野生动物从息地赶走.
- 声音景观特征在结构化动物空间使用中的作用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究景观变量和声音景观特征如何影响北方猫头 (Aegolius acadicus) 的空间分布.
- 确定特定频段内的噪音水平对这一夜间捕食者的息地选择的影响.
主要方法:
- 在美国俄勒冈州的混合用途森林景观中,利用了276个地点的被动声学录音.
- 评估了生物相关频段中的噪声水平与猫头景观使用之间的关系.
- 分析了低频声音对声学检测概率的影响.
主要成果:
- 北方的景观使用量随着1.607.10千赫频段噪音水平的增加而显著下降,与的峰值听觉灵敏度保持一致.
- 一般的低频声音 (0.251.00 kHz) 并没有预测景观使用,但却对声学检测概率产生了负面影响.
- 环境声景的感觉掩饰被确定为猫头意识到的声学的限制.
结论:
- 环境噪音水平,特别是对于物种听力至关重要的频率范围,可以导致避免其他合适的息地.
- 生态信息的感知可访问性,受声环境的影响,是塑造物种分布的关键因素.
- 空间生态学研究必须结合全频谱的声学环境,以充分理解物种分布超出物理息地因素.
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