微生物群-肠-大脑轴在精神分裂症中的作用:一种免疫学视角
Bo-Wei Su1, Yao Li2, Le-Ying Yang3
1Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
Frontiers in immunology
|December 5, 2025
概括
精神分裂症与肠道细菌不平衡有关,这些不平衡会引发炎症,影响大脑. 针对微生物群-肠-大脑轴为这种神经精神疾病提供了新的治疗途径.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 精神分裂症 (SZ) 的发病包括遗传和环境因素,越来越多的证据表明免疫失调和神经炎症.
- 微生物群-肠-大脑 (MGB) 轴被认为是SZ发展和进展的关键参与者.
研究的目的:
- 审查和综合当前临床和临床前发现,关于肠道失调和精神分裂症中神经炎症之间的联系.
- 阐明肠道微生物群变化影响血脑屏障 (BBB),中枢神经系统 (CNS) 炎症和SZ神经病理学的机制.
主要方法:
- 文献综述综合临床和临床前研究.
- 分析肠道微生物群代谢物在BBB完整性和神经炎症中的作用.
- 通过肠道失调来探索先天免疫通路的激活 (例如补体系统,TLR4).
- 检查 kynurenine 途径在将免疫激活与神经递质失衡联系起来的作用.
主要成果:
- 肠道失调与改变的微生物代谢物有关,这些代谢物损害了BBB的完整性,并加剧了SZ中的神经炎症.
- 肠道失生症激活了先天的免疫路径,导致精神分裂症的炎症环境.
- kynurenine 途径失调,将免疫反应与神经递质失衡相关的 SZ 病理生理学联系起来.
结论:
- 肠道微生物群失生症通过复杂的免疫-神经-内分泌通路对精神分裂症的病理生理学有显著的贡献.
- MGB轴代表了一个有希望的治疗目标,用于开发用于精神分裂症的新型干预措施.
- 了解肠道微生物群和神经炎症之间的相互作用对于推进SZ治疗策略至关重要.
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