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热浪和移民死亡率:对脆弱性和时间变化的评估
Jintao Liu1,2, Hung Chak Ho3,4, Shilu Tong5,6
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China.
Environmental science & technology
|December 5, 2025
概括
移民比非移民面临更高的热浪死亡风险,特别是那些居住时间较短的人. 这凸显了迫切需要保护脆弱的移民群体免受极端高温事件的影响.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 适应气候变化 适应气候变化
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 气候变化加剧了极端天气事件,如热浪.
- 移民人口被认为是气候变化影响的脆弱群体.
- 关于移民对热浪和时间趋势的脆弱性的理解有限.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较香港移民和非移民之间的热浪相关死亡风险.
- 评估影响移民脆弱性的因素,包括移民时的年龄,原产地和居住时间.
- 检查两个群体的热浪相关死亡风险的时间趋势.
主要方法:
- 利用了2000年至2016年香港的每日死亡率数据.
- 热浪被定义为连续两天或更多天,温度超过特定的值.
- 使用统计分析来比较死亡风险和评估时间趋势.
主要成果:
- 与非移民 (RR:0.975) 相比,移民在热浪和死亡率 (RR:1.088) 之间表现出明显更强的关联.
- 在移民时居住时间较短 (≤10年),年龄较小 (≤17年) 或年龄较大 (≥45年) 的移民以及来自中国大陆的移民中观察到较高的死亡风险.
- 从2000年到2016年,移民的热浪死亡风险呈上升趋势,与非移民的下降趋势形成鲜明对比.
结论:
- 移民表明,与热浪相关的死亡风险增加,适应能力降低.
- 根据移民特征,特定的移民子组特别脆弱.
- 迫切需要采取公共卫生干预措施,以保护移民免受极端高温的影响,因为越来越多的移民和气候变化.
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