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尼塞利亚脑膜炎 B血清组导致侵入性疾病,意大利,2010-2021年

Paola Vacca¹, Fenicia Vescio¹, Fortunato D'Ancona¹

¹Department Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.

|December 5, 2025

概括

侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病 (IMD) 是由内菌脑膜炎 B 血清组 (MenB) 引起的,在意大利不成比例地影响婴儿. 基因组监测揭示了正在演变的MenB菌株,并强调需要持续监测以确保疫苗的有效性.

科学领域:

微生物学微生物学
流行病学流行病学
基因组学就是基因组学.

背景情况:

侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病 (IMD) 由内菌脑膜炎 B 血清组 (MenB) 引起,对公众健康构成重大关注,特别是在婴儿中.
意大利在1岁以下的年龄组中观察到男性B相关IMD的高发病率.

研究的目的:

描述2010年至2021年间意大利侵袭性疾病的MenB菌株的主要特征.
评估循环的MenB分离物的抗微生物敏感性,遗传多样性和潜在的疫苗覆盖率.

主要方法:

对向国家监测系统 (NSS) 报告的IMD病例的分析.
实验室确认和 MenB 血清组的统计归算.
抗微生物敏感性测试和全基因组测序以确定基因型 (cgMLST).
针对MenB疫苗覆盖率评估的MenDeVAR分析.

主要成果:

总共包括936个MenB病例 (704个确诊,232个归咎).
婴儿 (<1岁) 和幼儿 (1-4岁) 的IMD发病率最高.
大多数MenB分离物对抗微生物药物敏感; 观察到有限的耐药性.
观察到显著的遗传变异性,其中主要的克隆复合物的转移 (cc41/44到cc162).
根据MenDeVAR分析,对最近的分离物没有足够的数据,这可能会影响疫苗覆盖率的预测.

结论:

尽管IMD发病率总体较低,但MenB在意大利的特定年龄组仍然令人担忧.
持续的基因组监测,包括MenDeVAR监测,对于跟踪MenB进化和为疫苗接种策略提供信息至关重要.

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