在癌症免疫治疗中利用微生物组:调节,预测和治疗向
Hassane M Zarour1, Giorgio Trinchieri2
11Department of Medicine; Department of Immunology; Department of Dermatology; and Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA;
Annual review of immunology
|December 5, 2025
概括
人类微生物组影响癌症的发展和对免疫治疗的反应. 通过便微生物种移植等方法调节微生物组,有望改善癌症治疗结果.
科学领域:
- 微生物组研究的研究.
- 癌症生物学 癌症生物学
- 免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.
背景情况:
- 人类是超生物,具有重要的微生物成分 (微生物组) 影响健康.
- 微生物组在癌症的发病,进展和对治疗的反应中发挥着作用.
- 了解宿主微生物群相互作用对于推进癌症治疗至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查微生物群在癌症中的作用,作为一种超生物体疾病.
- 总结关于基于微生物组的免疫疗法反应和不良事件预测的证据.
- 突出微生物组调制在癌症免疫治疗中的治疗潜力.
主要方法:
- 关于微生物组和癌症研究的文献综述.
- 分析基于微生物组数据预测免疫治疗结果的机器学习模型.
- 对研究便微生物组移植 (FMT) 在癌症免疫治疗中的临床试验的综述.
主要成果:
- 机器学习模型使用微生物组特征适度预测临床反应和与免疫相关的不良事件.
- 便微生物组移植与PD-1疗法相结合,改善了耐药患者的治疗结果,并显示出作为一线治疗的有效性.
- 微生物组影响癌症的多个方面,包括基因组稳定性,炎症,免疫力和转移.
结论:
- 微生物组是癌症发展和免疫治疗反应的重要因素.
- 微生物组调制,特别是FMT,为提高癌症免疫疗法的有效性和安全性提供了一个有希望的策略.
- 需要进一步的研究来克服挑战,并充分利用微生物组在瘤学中的治疗潜力.
相关概念视频
Tumor Immunotherapy
1.7K
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
1.7K
The Tumor Microenvironment
7.6K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
7.6K
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics
917
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
917
Targeted Cancer Therapies
8.6K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
8.6K
Cancer Vaccines
932
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
932
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
5.9K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
5.9K


