聊天GPT辅助眼诊断:使用视野和光学一致性断层扫描数据进行健康公平的多祖先分析
Andy S Huang1, Anthony Fam1, Hetince Zhao1
1From the Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (A.S.H., A.F., H.Z., N.P., A.F.-K., A.H., T.Y.T.T., J.C.T., L.R.P.), New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
American journal of ophthalmology
|December 5, 2025
概括
通过光学连贯断层扫描和视野数据,ChatGPT以高准确度诊断了玻璃眼,在不同的祖先和遗传风险群体中表现一致.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医学诊断 医学诊断 医学诊断
背景情况:
- 由于解剖学变异,非眼性视觉神经病变以及主观视野测试,早期发现眼症具有挑战性.
- 多模式大语言模型 (LLM) 提供了在不同人群中公平和准确的青光眼查的潜力.
- 评估人工智能诊断能力对于推进眼科护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估ChatGPT o1 Pro在使用光学连贯性断层扫描 (OCT) 和视野 (VF) 数据识别绿眼病时的诊断准确性.
- 评估ChatGPT在不同祖先的表现的一致性和多基因眼风险评分 (PRS).
- 为了比较AI性能与专家诊断对玻璃眼查的专家诊断.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及西奈山生物银行204名参与者的横截面诊断准确性研究.
- 参与者按祖先 (欧洲人与非欧洲人) 和青光眼PRS (低风险/中等风险与高风险) 分层.
- 聊天GPT o1 Pro分析了OCT-RNFL和VF数值输出;性能与绿眼专家的共识参考诊断进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 查特GPT o1 Pro显示高灵敏度 (96.0%) 和特异性 (83.7%) 对于青光眼的检测,曲线下的面积 (AUC) 为0.899.
- 模型表现显示欧洲和非欧洲子组 (AUC:0.894对0.906) 或PRS风险组 (AUC:0.889对0.922) 之间没有显著差异.
- 全球环囊状视网膜神经纤维层 (RNFL) 厚度是疾病分类的主要决定因素.
结论:
- 通过仅使用OCT和VF数据,ChatGPT o1 Pro的诊断性能与玻璃眼专家相提并论.
- 人工智能模型的准确性在不同的祖先群体和对眼的遗传倾向中保持一致.
- 在提高青光眼查公平性和准确性方面,LLM显得有前途.
更多相关视频
07:44In vivo Structural Assessments of Ocular Disease in Rodent Models using Optical Coherence Tomography
Published on: July 24, 2020
3.4K
07:18Evaluation of Capillary and Other Vessel Contribution to Macular Perfusion Density Measured with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Published on: February 18, 2022
2.1K
相关概念视频
Glaucoma: Overview
1.2K
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
1.2K
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment
934
In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
934
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment
1.1K
Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
1.1K
