检查儿童,青少年和成年人的导航策略和性能差异,使用双重解决方案范式
Emily E Tighe1, Jingjing May Liu2, Jeanine K Stefanucci1
1Department of Psychology, University of Utah, United States.
Neuropsychologia
|December 5, 2025
概括
男性参与者比女性更成功,更有效地浏览虚拟环境. 这些导航中的性别差异在青春期出现,受到青春期和经验的影响.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 人类空间导航 人类空间导航
背景情况:
- 个人在导航能力和偏好方面的差异已经得到了充分的证据.
- 空间能力和导航策略在整个童年和青春期都在发展.
- 导航中的新兴性别差异与荷尔蒙变化和经验相关.
研究的目的:
- 调查导航战略和性能中的年龄和性别差异.
- 检查空间知识和战略偏好在广泛的年龄段 (8-40岁) 中是如何变化的.
- 分析青少年青春期对导航能力的影响.
主要方法:
- 参与者在虚拟环境中完成了双重解决方案范式 (DSP).
- 导航效率以完成试验的时间和成功率来衡量.
- 分析了不同年龄和性别群体的战略使用 (学习与新路线).
主要成果:
- 与女性相比,男性参与者显示出更高的导航效率和更高的成功率.
- 导航时间在男性中随着年龄的增长而减少,在青少年中出现了成功和时间的显著性别差异.
- 在策略使用中没有发现显著的年龄或性别差异.
结论:
- 空间导航能力根据性别以不同的速度发展,青少年男性的表现优于女性.
- 青少年在迷宫环境中表现出成人级导航效率.
- 了解这些发育轨迹,可以了解青春期前后性别特定的导航发展.
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