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急性损伤的全球流行病学:挑战和机遇
Jorge Cerda1, Kianoush Kashani2, Marlies Ostermann3
1Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
Nature reviews. Nephrology
|December 5, 2025
概括
急性损伤 (AKI) 影响全球数百万人,恶化慢性病和死亡率. 尽管诊断和管理方面取得了进展,但显著的差异仍然存在,特别是在资源较低的地区,需要采取紧急的全球行动.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 临界护理医学 临界护理医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 急性损伤 (AKI) 是急性疾病的严重并发症,对死亡率和慢性病进展具有重大全球影响.
- 标准化诊断标准和多中心研究提高了对AKI的范围和影响因素的理解.
- 电子健康记录,生物标志物和基于证据的护理包的进步正在改善AKI临床管理.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前对急性损伤 (AKI) 的理解和管理.
- 突出AKI诊断,临床管理和新兴技术方面的进展.
- 确定AKI护理中的持续差距,特别是在全球不平等和治疗发展方面.
主要方法:
- 关于急性损伤 (AKI) 诊断和管理的最新文献的综述.
- 分析电子健康记录,生物标志物和AKI的护理包方面的进展.
- 检查新兴技术如人工智能和数字健康对AKI护理的影响.
- 评估AKI护理提供和结果的全球差异.
主要成果:
- 通过标准化标准和多中心研究,更好地了解AKI频谱和影响因素.
- 在通过电子健康记录,生物标志物和护理包来管理AKI方面取得了重大进展.
- 人工智能和数字健康等新兴技术显示出降低AKI负担的潜力.
- 在高收入和低资源地区之间,AKI护理和结果存在重大差异.
结论:
- 虽然AKI管理已经取得了进展,特别是在高收入国家,但全球不平等仍然是一个关键问题.
- 在特定的AKI治疗方面,进展有限,知识和实践存在持续的差距,特别是在5R框架中.
- 迫切需要注意解决AKI管理中的全球差异和不平等问题,以改善全球患者的治疗结果.
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