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大脑平衡中的细胞:发育作用和成人功能
Uliana Drozd1, Svetlana Vechkapova2,3, Dmitriy Lanshakov1,3,4
1Postgenomics Neurobiology Laboratory, The Institute of Cytology and Genetics, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition)
|December 6, 2025
概括
细胞是关键的大脑细胞,支持发育和功能. 它们维持血脑屏障,并与阿尔茨海默氏症等神经退行性疾病有关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 血管生物学 血管生物学
背景情况:
- 细胞 (PCs) 是微血管中不可或缺的壁细胞,对中枢神经系统的发育和维护至关重要.
- PCs来自多个胚胎来源,并与神经和内皮细胞有动态相互作用.
- 它们的作用从在发育过程中建立血脑屏障 (BBB) 和血管稳定,到成人中调节大脑血流和神经炎症.
研究的目的:
- 综合当前关于从胚胎起源到成人的功能周细胞生物学知识.
- 探索皮质细胞在神经退行性疾病,特别是阿尔茨海默病中新兴的作用.
- 突出介质细胞作为脑血管和神经退行性疾病的潜在治疗点.
主要方法:
- 综合发展,分子和病理生理学数据的综合文献综述.
- 在血脑屏障 (BBB) 的形成和维护中涉及危细胞的分析.
- 检查细胞分泌的因素,包括卡林类型的前列腺素D合成酶 (L-PGDS),以及它们的调节途径.
主要成果:
- 细胞对于BBB完整性,大脑血流调节和神经血管合至关重要.
- PCs分泌L-PGDS,这是一种参与睡眠,炎症和神经保护的分子,并可能充当粉样β伴侣.
- 在PC中L-PGDS表达的调节途径包括NF-κB,Notch-Hes和BDNF信号传递.
结论:
- 细胞是大脑功能的关键细胞调节者,在正常生理学和疾病中起着关键作用.
- 皮细胞对L-PGDS的表达与睡眠调节,炎症和神经退行有关,包括阿尔茨海默病.
- 细胞代表了一系列脑血管和神经退行性疾病的有希望的治疗点.
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