变性人和性别多样性自闭症青少年患抑郁症的风险较高
Joseph Pereira1,2, Natalia Ramos3, LeeAnne Green Snyder4
1Columbia University, USA.
Autism : the international journal of research and practice
|December 6, 2025
概括
跨性别和性别多样性 (TGD) 自闭症青少年面临着明显更高的抑郁症风险. 这种身份因素是抑郁症的强烈预测因素,即使考虑到其他风险因素,如家庭病史.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 心理健康 心理健康
- 性别研究是性别研究.
背景情况:
- 与普通人群相比,自闭症患者的跨性别和性别多样性 (TGD) 身份的流行率更高.
- 同时出现的自闭症和TGD身份与青少年的抑郁和焦虑症状增加有关.
- 自闭症TGD青少年比他们的非TGD自闭症或非自闭症TGD同龄人报告了更多的内化行为.
研究的目的:
- 调查TGD认同与自闭症青少年特定心理健康诊断之间的预测关系.
- 为了确定TGD身份是否在考虑到已知的风险因素后仍然是诊断的重要预测因素.
主要方法:
- 对来自西蒙斯支持自闭症知识研究 (SPARK) 队列的9027名自闭症青少年 (年龄13-17岁) 队列的分析.
- 识别了36名具有TGD身份的参与者.
- 估计单变量模型和多重回归分析,结合已知的抑郁风险因素.
主要成果:
- 在多次比较调整后,抑郁症是TGD身份显著预测的唯一诊断.
- 在多重回归模型中,TGD身份仍然是抑郁症 (OR:4.01) 的重要预测因素,控制了语言障碍和睡眠障碍等因素.
- 对TGD认同对抑郁症的影响大小与家族抑郁病史的影响大小相当.
结论:
- TGD自闭症青少年特别容易患上抑郁症,这可能是由于耻辱和歧视的交叉经历.
- 与自闭症青少年工作的医疗保健提供者应该意识到这种抑郁症风险增加.
- 需要进一步的研究来理解和解决TGD身份与自闭症青少年抑郁症之间的关系.
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