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雌性化基因转换基因的谱系特异性基因扩张和非典型表达模式在甲甲虫中

Itsuki Ohtsu¹, Hayato Kondo², Yasuhiko Chikami²

¹Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.

Zoological science

|December 6, 2025

概括

在甲甲虫中,对于昆虫的性别确定至关重要的变压器 (Tra) 基因已重复,并显示了两种性别的变化拼接模式,与典型的昆虫模型分歧. 这一发现为性别差异化提供了新的进化见解.

科学领域:

进化生物学进化生物学
遗传学是一个遗传学.
昆虫学昆虫学是一门学科.

背景情况:

昆虫的性别决定依赖于保守的下游基因,如双性 (dsx),通常由变压器 (Tra) 蛋白调节.
特拉基因通常只有一个副本,但它的数量可能会有所不同,这使得它成为研究性别确定过程中的进化变化的焦点.
传统的理解是,功能性 Tra 是女性特有的,通过 dsx 拼接诱导女性发育.

研究的目的:

为了研究甲甲虫 (Lucanidae) 中的变压器 (Tra) 基因的拷贝数和表达模式.
探索昆虫性别决定机制的进化变异,特别是在类中.

主要方法:

比较基因组学以识别甲甲虫物种的Tra基因拷贝数变异.
在雄性和雌性鹿甲虫中分析Tra基因拼接变异.
遗传学分析,以了解特拉基因重复的进化历史.

主要成果:

变压器 (Tra) 基因通过基因重复在几种甲甲虫物种中经历了扩张.
与典型的模式相反,Tra基因在研究物种的雄性和雌性鹿甲虫中表现出相同的拼接变异.
这些发现表明,与Lucanidae家族内保存的昆虫性别确定途径的偏差.

结论:

卢卡尼科家族为特拉基因呈现了独特的进化轨迹,在拷贝数和性别特异性表达方面存在差异.
鹿甲虫的特拉基因扩张和改变表达模式为昆虫的性别确定提供了对各种进化策略的新见解.
这项研究挑战了Tra-mediated性别决定的概括模型,并突出了这一基本生物过程的可塑性.

关键词:

科莱奥普特拉 (科莱奥普特拉) 是一种小鸟类.这是一个Lucanidae.基因复制是基因的复制.性差异化性别差异化性别特定的剪接.

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