提前护理规划中利用人工智能:一个范围审查
Minghui Tan1, Siyuan Tang2, Zhao Ni3
1Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Artificial intelligence in medicine
|December 6, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI) 越来越多地用于预先护理规划 (ACP) 识别患者和分析对话. 然而,目前的应用程序是有限的,基于规则的AI和文本数据是最常见的,高级AI的使用仍然是最小的.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健信息学 医疗保健信息学
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
- 临床决策支持 临床决策支持
背景情况:
- 提前护理规划 (ACP) 促进个人对未来的关键健康决策.
- 人工智能 (AI) 显示出增强医疗保健流程的潜力,包括ACP.
- 人工智能的确切作用和有效性在促进非洲和非洲国家/地区的发展方面需要全面调查.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合人工智能的当前应用,以促进ACP.
- 确定人工智能驱动的ACP研究中使用的主要目标,AI算法,数据源和绩效指标.
- 了解非洲和非洲国家现有的人工智能干预措施的范围和局限性.
主要方法:
- 采用了一个范围审查方法,坚持既定的框架.
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science,CINAHL,Cochrane Library,IEEE Xplore) 进行了全面的文献搜索,截至2025年7月.
- 用描述性分析和叙事综合来总结42项符合条件的研究的发现.
主要成果:
- 在ACP中的AI主要集中在检测对话/文档,识别需要ACP的患者,并促进教育.
- 基于规则的自然语言处理 (NLP) 和文本数据是最普遍的AI方法.
- 先进AI的应用,如生成AI,是有限的,性能评估通常依赖于歧视指标,显示显著的变化.
结论:
- 目前在非洲和非洲的AI应用主要集中在从电子健康记录和患者识别中提取数据.
- 在使用先进的人工智能技术和标准化绩效评估方法方面,在非洲国家和地区的研究中存在着显著的差距.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索先进人工智能的潜力,并建立强大的评估框架,以充分利用人工智能来增强非洲和非洲国家.
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