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在执行功能期间的小脑功能变化与跨诊断样本中的一般精神病理有关

Adrienne L Romer¹, Garrett Hosterman², Poornima Kumar³

¹Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg VA, USA; Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.

Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging

|December 6, 2025

概括

小脑是小脑的组成部分.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
认知神经科学认知神经科学
精神病学是一个精神病学.

背景情况:

越来越多的证据将小脑与执行功能 (EF) 和跨诊断性精神病理联系起来.
一个一般的精神病理因素 (p-因子) 与EF缺陷和后脑小脑结构变化相关.
一个关键假设表明小脑在执行功能障碍中的作用有助于一般的精神病理学.

研究的目的:

通过执行功能缺陷,研究小脑功能障碍通过执行功能缺陷导致一般精神病理的假设.
检查在EF任务期间p因子得分和小脑激活之间的关系.
探索与不同精神病理层面相关的小脑激活模式的特异性.

主要方法:

利用功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI) 数据从257个成年人跨诊断组 (精神分裂症,双相情感障碍,多动症) 和健康的对照.
在测量工作记忆,认知灵活性和响应抑制的fMRI任务中评估小脑激活.
与小脑激活相关联的p因子得分,并对内部化,外部化和思维障碍因素进行了特异性分析.

主要成果:

在所有三个EF任务中都观察到显著的后脑小脑激活.
在工作记忆过程中,较高的p因子得分与较差的EF性能和Crus I/II和lobule VIIIA/B中小脑激活的改变有关.
叶片VI和VIIIA/B的激活增加与具有较高p因子评分的个体成功抑制反应有关.
与特定的精神病理学因素相关的小脑激活模式与与p因子相关的模式在很大程度上重叠.

结论:

在具有高一般精神病理的个体中,在执行功能期间,在小脑后部发现了新的功能性改变.
表明增加后脑小脑激活可能代表一种跨诊断的神经机制,反映了在各种精神障碍中EF期间信息处理效率低下.

关键词:

小脑小脑是什么意思执行职能执行职能是指执行职能.功能磁力共振成像 (fMRI) 是一种功能共振成像.一般的精神病理学精神病理学.对于p-因子来说,这是非常重要的.这是一个跨诊断的跨诊断.

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