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迈拉德衍生的2-和5-基甲基的器官特异性毒性:斑马鱼的定量证据

Xiangxin Wang¹, Qingxue Chen², Shubo Luo³

¹Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co., Ltd., Beijing 100015, China.

Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)

|December 6, 2025

概括

婴儿配方奶粉 (IF) 中的梅拉德反应产生潜在有害的化合物,如2-和5-基甲基 (5-HMF). 这项研究表明,这些化合物会在斑马鱼中引起免疫,肝脏和神经系统的毒性,这凸显了婴儿配方奶粉安全性的担忧.

科学领域:

食品化学食品化学
毒理学毒理学毒理学
发育生物学发展生物学

背景情况:

在婴儿配方奶粉 (IF) 的热处理过程中,梅拉德反应增强了味道,但产生了潜在的有毒furfural衍生物,包括2-furfural和5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF).
这些化合物的含量高在储存的婴儿乳液中,这引发了对婴儿营养安全的担忧.

研究的目的:

为了评估2-furfural和5-HMF在斑马鱼中的器官特异性毒性.
为了确定这些化合物的定量,度依赖的毒性关系.
评估IF中与梅拉德衍生化合物相关的安全风险.

主要方法:

利用野生类型和转基因斑马鱼模型来评估毒性.
确定了2-furfural和5-HMF的度特定毒性关系.
纯化合物的毒性与IF矩阵中的化合物的毒性比较.

主要成果:

在斑马鱼中,2-furfural和5-HMF都诱导了免疫毒性和肝毒性.
在低度下,2-furfural表现出神经毒性和胃肠道 (GI) 毒性,而5-HMF显示出最小的神经毒性和GI影响.
粉末IF中这些化合物的高水平导致免疫,肝脏和神经毒性,其中可能因乳制品基质而有变化.

结论:

由于其免疫毒性,肝毒性和神经毒性作用,2-和5-HMF在婴儿配方中存在安全风险.
确定了定量毒性关系,为安全评估提供了基础.
优化热处理以尽量减少这些化合物的形成对于提高婴儿配方奶粉安全至关重要.

关键词:

2 - 黄二二的使用方法 5 - - 氧甲基硫醇.婴儿配方奶粉的使用方法梅拉德反应是梅拉德反应.神经毒性神经毒性斑马鱼是一种斑马鱼.

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