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相关概念视频

Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

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Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
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Horizontal Gene Transfer01:27

Horizontal Gene Transfer

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Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is a process where genetic material moves between organisms within the same generation, unlike vertical gene transfer, which occurs from parent to offspring. HGT plays a crucial role in microbial evolution, adaptation, and survival, particularly in shared environments like the human gut.Mobile genetic elements such as plasmids, prophages, integrons, insertion sequences, and transposons facilitate this process. HGT occurs through three primary mechanisms:...
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Plant Breeding and Biotechnology01:59

Plant Breeding and Biotechnology

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Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
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Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
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Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms02:18

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Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms02:18

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Genetic transfer occurs when genetic information is passed from one organism to another. It occurs via two mechanisms: vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer. Vertical gene transfer occurs when genetic information is transferred from one generation to the next, which happens much more frequently than horizontal gene transfer. Both sexual and asexual reproduction are forms of vertical gene transfer, where one or more organisms pass some or all of their genome onto their progeny.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

A PCR-based Genotyping Method to Distinguish Between Wild-type and Ornamental Varieties of Imperata cylindrica
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RIFinder揭示了草基因组中广泛的适应性远程侵入.

Yujie Huang1, Shiyu Zhang1, Hanyang Lin2

  • 1Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Plant communications
|December 7, 2025
PubMed
概括

远程侵入 (RI) 是草的关键进化过程,涉及远处物种之间的DNA转移. 本研究介绍了RIFinder,这是一种用于检测RI事件的新工具,揭示了它们在适应和基因进化中的作用.

关键词:
适应性进化是适应性的进化.基因集群 基因集群遗传学上的不一致性远程内入侵是一种远程内入侵.

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Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes
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科学领域:

  • 进化基因组学是进化的基因组学.
  • 分子进化的分子进化.
  • 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.

背景情况:

  • 基因转移,包括横向基因转移 (HGT),是常见的,但远距离物种之间的远程内侵入 (RI) 不太了解.
  • 在时间尺度和机制上,RI与正规内向和HGT不同.
  • 了解RI对于进化基因组学至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 开发和应用一种新的基因组学方法,RIFinder,用于检测远程内进侵袭 (RI) 事件.
  • 在草基因组中调查RI的流行率和特征.
  • 探索RI在草中的功能和进化影响.

主要方法:

  • 开发RIFinder,一种基于类基的RI检测计算方法.
  • 应用RIFinder对122个草基因组的数据集.
  • 对进化基因,捐赠者拷贝和本地同类基因进行比较分析.

主要成果:

  • 在122个草基因组中,从543个同源基因中确定了622个RI事件.
  • 普伊迪亚 (Pooideae) 显示出最多的内进基因,而巴姆布索伊迪亚 (Bambusoideae) 的基因最少.
  • 进化基因在应激反应途径中得到丰富,并有助于草氨酸生物合成.
  • 在Cleistogenes songorica中发现了一个Triticeae衍生的部分,可能与干旱耐受性有关.

结论:

  • RI是草适应性进化和基因组多样化的重要因素.
  • RI有助于压力耐受性和二次代谢物产生的演变.
  • RIFinder提供了一种强大的方法来检测RI事件,推进进化基因组学研究.