生物炭和水分变异性通过微生物碳降解基因塑造土壤碳池
Yue Pan1, Tingting Tan1, Jie Meng1
1College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Northeast China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shenyang 110866, China; National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Shenyang, 110866, China; Shenyang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing of Microbial Fertilizers, Liaoning, 110866, China.
Journal of environmental management
|December 7, 2025
概括
湿度变化显著影响土壤微生物群落,增强碳捕集和分解. 生物炭添加,特别是2%的高湿度可变性,通过调节微生物基因酶活性来优化土壤有机碳 (SOC) 稳定.
科学领域:
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 生物地质化学生物地质化学
背景情况:
- 土壤有机碳 (SOC) 对土壤健康至关重要,受到微生物群落及其功能的影响.
- 湿度变化和生物炭添加是影响微生物过程和SOC动态的关键因素.
- 了解这些因素之间的相互作用对于预测SOC稳定性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究不同生物炭含量和湿度变化强度对土壤微生物群落和SOC形成的影响.
- 阐明微生物机制,包括基因酶调节,在不同的条件下驱动SOC稳定.
- 在气候变化情景下确定最佳管理策略,以加强SOC.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项为期90天的微观化实验,其中使用了三种生物碳添加水平 (0%,1%,2%) 和三种湿度模式 (常量,高可变性,低可变性).
- 分析包括微生物群落组成,碳水化合物酶活性,碳降解基因丰度和酶活性 (C,N,P).
- 进行了统计分析,以确定湿度变化和生物炭相互作用对微生物指标的意义.
主要成果:
- 湿度变化使微生物群落从Actinomycetes转移到Ascomycetes,显著增加微生物生物质碳 (158900%) 和碳使用效率 (高达767%).
- 高湿度变化,特别是2%的生物炭 (C2W1),通过调节碳降解基因和向植物残留的酶活动来增强SOC稳定性.
- 生物炭的添加对碳源分解有轻微的,不显著的抑制作用,而湿度的变化显著推动了微生物过程.
结论:
- 确定了一种由水分驱动的微生物"碳"机制,协调基因-酶-社区调节以稳定SOC.
- 上调的碳降解基因和酶活动有效地将植物衍生的碳转移到稳定的SOC池中.
- C2W1处理显示出最高的SOC稳定性,为在极端气候条件下管理土壤碳提供了理论基础.
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