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基于基的疫苗设计:进展,挑战和前进的道路

Federica Cernuto¹, Avisa Maleki², Giulia Russo²

¹Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.

Expert opinion on drug discovery

|December 7, 2025

概括

In silico技术通过抗原查和表位预测的计算管道加速合理的疫苗设计. 整合人工智能和多omics将提高下一代疫苗的预测准确度.

科学领域:

计算生物学和免疫学计算生物学和免疫学
疫苗开发和免疫信息学
数据驱动的合理疫苗设计.

背景情况:

在 silico 技术正在彻底改变疫苗开发,从经验方法到理性,数据驱动的设计.
计算管道使得快速的抗原查,表位体-MHC结合预测,结构建模和免疫反应模拟成为可能.
这些方法加速了传染病和癌症免疫治疗的发现.

研究的目的:

审查基于表位的疫苗设计计算管道的最新进展.
涵盖抗原发现,表位图绘制,安全评估,构造组装,结构建模和免疫反应模拟.
展示在传染病 (例如,SARS-CoV-2,肺结核,流感) 和癌症免疫治疗中的应用.

主要方法:

来自PubMed,Scopus和Web of Science的2025年之前的出版物的文献综述.
使用关键词的搜索:以表位基的疫苗,反向疫苗学,免疫信息学,免疫系统模拟.
对抗原发现,表位图绘制,安全,构造组装,建模和模拟的计算管道的分析.

主要成果:

计算管道在疫苗研究中提供了速度,成本效益和精度.
目前的预测能力受到算法约束和免疫调节过程的不完全整合的限制.
应用范围跨越传染病和癌症免疫疗法,利用平台进行疗效预测.

结论:

在 silico 方法提供了显著的优势,但需要进一步的进步.
人工智能,多领域的进步以及对数字证据的监管认可至关重要.
将预测性免疫信息学与模拟和验证相结合,将为下一代疫苗建立in silico方法.

关键词:

基于Epitope的疫苗可以使用.免疫系统模拟免疫系统模拟在形医学中.监管机构接受的接受.反向接种疫苗的方法

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