使用多重目标设置检查绩效变化,重点关注SMART原则
Saeed Shokri1, Mohammad Taghi Aghdasi2, Behzad Behzadnia2
1Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. saeedshokri1991@gmail.com.
Scientific reports
|December 7, 2025
概括
足球训练中的目标设定显著改善了长期的技能保留和转移. 基于SMART原则的多种目标设定策略,与其他方法和对照组相比,表现优越.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动学习是指运动学习.
- 体育心理学体育心理学
背景情况:
- 心理训练对于运动准备至关重要.
- 设定目标是体育运动中广泛使用的心理技巧.
- SMART原则 (具体,可衡量,可实现,相关,有时间限制) 指导有效的目标设定.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同目标设定策略对足球传球表现的影响.
- 为了比较多重目标设置与单重点 (过程,性能,结果) 目标设置的有效性.
- 评估通过目标设定干预措施获得的技能的长期保留和转移.
主要方法:
- 使用了与对照组进行准实验性的测试前测试后测试设计.
- 50名初学者男性足球运动员被分为五组:多重目标设定,过程,表现,结果和控制.
- 参与者接受了15次训练,将足球传球练习与特定的目标设定任务相结合,随后进行了即时,延迟的保留和转移测试.
主要成果:
- 所有集团在收购阶段都显示出初步改善,它们之间没有显著差异.
- 在保留和转移阶段,所有目标设定小组的表现都明显优于对照组.
- 多重目标设定小组在保留和转移测试中获得了最高的绩效分数.
结论:
- 基于SMART原则的目标设定策略增强了足球传球技能的长期保留和转移.
- 多重目标设定似乎比单重点策略更有效,用于提高足球中的技能保留和转移.
- 教练和体育心理学家应该考虑将多种目标设定策略整合到培训计划中,以优化技能发展.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques VI
227
Adopting a healthier lifestyle often requires overcoming significant challenges, but leveraging psychological, social, and cultural resources can facilitate meaningful change. Effective self-change hinges on understanding and applying key tools such as motivation and goal setting, which help sustain efforts toward long-term health benefits.
Motivation and Self-Determination
Motivation, the driving force behind behavior, plays a pivotal role at every stage of the change process. The research...
Motivation and Self-Determination
Motivation, the driving force behind behavior, plays a pivotal role at every stage of the change process. The research...
227
Self-Discrepancy Theory
18.9K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
18.9K
Growth versus Fixed Mindset
215
Carol Dweck introduced the term mindset to describe individuals' beliefs about their intellectual and personal capabilities. These beliefs significantly influence psychological processes such as motivation, goal-setting, and perseverance, ultimately shaping academic and life outcomes. Individuals generally possess one of two mindsets- a fixed or a growth mindset—each promoting different responses to success, failure, and challenge.Fixed vs. Growth MindsetA fixed mindset assumes that one's...
215
Secondary Motives: Power Motivation and Achievement Motivation
507
Power motivation and achievement motivation are two essential social motives identified by psychologist David McClelland. These motives influence behavior in various personal and professional contexts, shaping how individuals interact with others and pursue their goals.
Power motivation is characterized by the desire to influence, control, or have an impact on others. It is shaped by an individual's experiences, social environment, and cultural context. People with high power motivation are...
Power motivation is characterized by the desire to influence, control, or have an impact on others. It is shaped by an individual's experiences, social environment, and cultural context. People with high power motivation are...
507
Robbers Cave
14.8K
During the 1950s, the landmark Robbers Cave experiment demonstrated that when groups must compete with one another, intergroup conflict, hostility, and even violence may result. At the Oklahoman summer camp, two troops of boys—termed the Rattlers and the Eagles—took part in a week-long tournament. During this time, their negativity culminated in derogatory name-calling, fistfights, and even vandalism and destruction of property. However, this work also revealed that such tension...
14.8K
Impression Management Techniques III: Aligning Actions
118
Aligning actions are communicative strategies individuals employ to maintain social harmony and preserve personal identity in the face of potential disruptions to social norms. These actions are particularly important in managing social impressions when one's behavior might be seen as inappropriate, incompetent, or morally questionable.Types of Aligning ActionsThe three principal types of aligning actions are disclaimers, accounts, and apologies.DisclaimersDisclaimers are preventive; they are...
118


