行动中的人工智能:对Sjögren综合征诊断中的机器和深度学习方法的全面审查
Saumya Rawat1, Ved Prakash Chaturvedi2, Hemalatha Shanmugam3
1Department of Rheumatology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.
International journal of rheumatic diseases
|December 8, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI),机器学习 (ML) 和深度学习 (DL) 正在彻底改变Sjögren综合征 (SS) 的诊断. 这些技术提高了病理学,成像和非侵入性测试的准确性,导致更快,更客观的检测.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
背景情况:
- 肖格伦综合征 (SS) 是一种慢性自身免疫性疾病,具有多种症状,往往导致诊断延迟.
- 目前的SS诊断方法可能是不特定的,依赖于侵入性手术.
研究的目的:
- 审查人工智能 (AI),机器学习 (ML) 和深度学习 (DL) 在改善Sjögren综合征诊断中的作用.
- 突出AI在提高各种临床环境的诊断准确性方面的潜力.
主要方法:
- 在唾液腺活检的组织病理学分析中对人工智能应用的审查.
- 在成像诊断中分析DL模型,如超声波和CT扫描.
- 评估与ML结合的非侵入性方法 (拉曼光谱,舌头成像) 的评估.
- 探索人工智能在基因组和代谢组分析中的应用,以发现生物标志物.
- 评估使用电子健康记录 (EHR) 早期病例识别的ML模型.
主要成果:
- 人工智能模型在自动化组织病理学分析中表现出高准确性,减少了观察者变化.
- 在成像中,DL模型在检测腺体异常方面超过了没有经验的放射科医生.
- 非侵入性技术显示出作为传统SS诊断的替代方案的希望.
- 人工智能有助于识别SS的新生物标志物和分子特征.
- 初级保健中的ML模型显示了早期SS识别和减少转诊延迟的潜力.
结论:
- 跨多种诊断方式的AI整合可以显著改善Sjögren综合征的检测.
- 人工智能促进了更快,更客观,更容易获得的诊断,即使在资源有限的环境中.
- 人工智能将不同的数据源统一起来,以便及时和个性化的SS诊断.
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