在对比的Striga环境中,玉米杂交的性能预测和稳定性
Solomon Adeyemi Oyekale1,2, Baffour Badu-Apraku3
1Pan African University Institute of Life and Earth Sciences (Including Health and Agriculture) (PAULESI), University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Journal of agriculture and food research
|December 8, 2025
概括
在非洲,Striga hermonthica严重影响了玉米的生产. 这项研究发现,在无Striga条件下玉米杂交的表现不能可靠地预测在受感染环境中的表现,但确定的耐药杂交可以提高产量.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物育种 植物育种
- 农业学是一种农业学.
背景情况:
- 非洲的玉米 (Zea mays L.) 产量损失主要是由寄生虫杂草造成的,特别是Striga hermonthica.
- 在易受感染的玉米品种中,Striga hermonthica感染可以导致产量减少高达100%.
- 开发抗或耐受斯特里加菌的玉米杂交品种对于受影响地区的粮食安全至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估在没有菌的条件下,在菌感染的环境下,非常早期的玉米杂交品的性能预测能力.
- 为了识别能抵抗/耐受Striga的生物强化杂交玉米品种.
- 确定玉米杂交品种,表现出稳定的产量和耐受性/抵抗力对Striga压力.
主要方法:
- 150种玉米杂交品种和6种检查在尼日利亚两年内在无菌和感染菌的环境中进行了评估.
- 工厂配对设计II用于混合开发.
- 使用回归分析和基因型主效应加基因型×环境 (GGE) 双图分析来评估性能和稳定性.
主要成果:
- 无虫和受感染环境之间的性能预测是不可靠的,R2值低于25%的产量和4%的虫损伤.
- 在没有菌的条件下,玉米的平均产量为每公4.9,在感染菌的条件下为每公3.3.
- 混合LINE 61 × LINE 49显示了最高的Striga耐药性 (Striga基础指数为13.6). 混合动力LINE 44 × LINE 55和LINE 61 × LINE 49在不同环境中表现出收益率稳定性.
结论:
- 一个环境中的超早期玉米杂交的表现不能可靠地预测另一个环境中关于Striga感染的表现.
- 混合LINE 61 × LINE 49被确定为一种高度抵抗/耐受Striga的选择.
- 推的杂交品种LINE 44 × LINE 55和LINE 61 × LINE 49需要在农场进行潜在释放的评估,以减轻Striga的影响并提高非洲玉米的生产.
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