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与马来西亚 Mahseer,Tor tambra 相关的猎物社区的结构和组成基于DNA元编码的饮食:对保护的影响

Nur Farhana Mohd Yusoff^1,2, Shukor Md Nor², Shairah Abdul Razak^1,3

¹Genetics Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.

Tropical life sciences research

|December 8, 2025

概括

DNA元编码揭示了野生和养殖的马来西亚麻雀 (Tor tambra) 之间的独特饮食. 野生鱼消耗更多多样化的猎物,强调需要优化养殖鱼的饮食,以实现保护和水产养殖的成功.

科学领域:

生态生态学生态生态学
水产养殖是水产养殖的一种方式.
保护生物学保护生物学

背景情况:

准确的饮食评估对于生态研究和捕食鱼的保护管理至关重要.
马来西亚的麻雀 (Tor tambra) 或"kelah"面临着人口减少,需要改进人工繁殖.
目前的水产养殖实践与影响鱼母生育能力和生长的食配方作斗争.

研究的目的:

为了描述马来西亚麻雀 (Tor tambra) 的食物同化和食习惯.
使用DNA元编码,比较野生和养殖群体之间的饮食成分.
为优化水产养殖饮食和减少对野生鱼类资源压力的战略提供信息.

主要方法:

应用了细胞氧化酶I (COI) 的metabarcoding来分析来自七个位置的Tor tambra的肠道含量.
测序了猎物的DNA,并将猎物分组为54个分类组,分别在物种层面.
使用非度量多维缩放 (NMDS) 和PERMANOVA来分析饮食多样性和组成差异.

主要成果:

托尔坦布拉的饮食包括四个主要类别:昆虫,Actinopterygii,虫和Aconoidasida.
与养殖的麻雀相比,野生麻雀表现出更大的猎物分类学多样性和组成.
野生鱼和养殖鱼之间不到四分之一的总猎物种类重叠,这表明饮食差异很大.

结论:

环境中的猎物可用性显著影响了野生鱼的饮食.
野生和养殖鱼类之间的饮食差异表明需要改进水产养殖料配方.
优化养殖鱼类的饮食可以改善鱼类的健康状况,并可能减少对野生种群的捕捞压力.

关键词:

DNA元编码的 DNA元编码.饮食组成饮食成分养生态学的养生态学淡水鱼类淡水鱼类马赛尔 (Maheser) 是一个马赛尔.

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