持久性污染物和发育中的大脑:PFAS在神经发育障碍中的作用
Laura Lagostena1, Valeria Magnelli2, Davide Rotondo2
1Institute of Biophysics (IBF), Italian National Research Council, Genova, Italy.
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
|December 8, 2025
概括
产前暴露于基和多基物质 (PFAS) 与儿童的神经发育障碍有关. 研究突出了与自闭症,多动症和认知迟缓的关联,强调需要进一步调查和公共卫生行动.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 和多基基物质 (PFAS) 是工业和消费品中广泛使用的持久化学物质.
- PFAS在环境中的无处不在和生物积累引起了人们对其潜在的不良健康影响的担忧,特别是对神经发育的影响.
- 产前暴露于PFAS是对儿童健康结果越来越令人担忧的领域.
研究的目的:
- 审查和综合最近 (2020-2025) 关于产前PFAS暴露和儿童神经发育结果的流行病学和实验研究.
- 确定通过PFAS可能影响胎儿神经发育的关键机制途径.
- 突出方法论上的挑战,并提出未来的研究方向.
主要方法:
- 对前性出生队列研究和机理学研究的系统审查.
- 分析母亲的PFAS水平与神经发育障碍 (NDD) (如ASD和ADHD) 之间的关联.
- 检查PFAS胎盘转移,激素干扰,炎症,神经递质系统和表观遗传学方面的实验数据.
主要成果:
- 流行病学研究表明,产前PFAS暴露和NDD之间存在统计学上显著的关联,包括自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD),注意力缺陷/多动症障碍 (ADHD),认知延迟和行为问题.
- 机理学研究表明,PFAS可以穿过胎盘,破坏激素平衡,激活炎症路径,改变神经递质信号,并诱导表观遗传变化.
- 研究强调了诸如PFAS混合物的复杂性,暴露评估的局限性和混控制的可变性等挑战.
结论:
- 产前PFAS暴露与儿童的一系列不良神经发育结果有关.
- PFAS通过多种生物途径产生神经毒性作用,包括内分泌干扰,炎症和表观遗传修饰.
- 未来的研究需要纵向设计,先进的分析方法,并关注新兴的PFAS,以告知公共卫生政策和减轻风险.
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