青少年运动员中电气和结构性心脏适应的种族差异:系统性审查和元分析
Rasha Kaddoura1, Hassan Al-Tamimi2, Guido E Pieles3
1Department of Pharmacy, Heart Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar. rasha.kaddoura@gmail.com.
World journal of cardiology
|December 8, 2025
概括
种族显著影响青少年运动员的心脏适应. 与白人运动员相比,黑人运动员表现出明显的心电图 (ECG) 和心声图 (ECHO) 发现,包括心律和壁厚度的差异.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 了解年轻运动员心血管适应运动的种族差异对于防止不必要的失格至关重要.
- 现有的研究缺乏关于种族如何影响青少年运动员心脏重塑的全面数据.
研究的目的:
- 在健康的青少年运动员中调查心电图 (ECG) 和心声回声图 (ECHO) 参数的种族差异.
- 为了确定黑人和白人青少年运动员之间的特定ECG和ECHO差异.
主要方法:
- 在MEDLINE数据库上进行了系统的文献搜索,截至2024年9月20日.
- 包括的研究是青少年竞技运动员 (12-18岁) 的随机或观察队列,比较黑人和白人的参与者.
主要成果:
- 七项研究 (n=5036) 发现了显著的差异:黑人运动员的PR间隔较长,QRS和更短的QT间隔更短.
- 黑人运动员表现出较高的第一级心房 (AV) 阻塞,T波逆转和左心房 (LA) 扩张的患病率.
- 心声分析显示,黑人运动员的隔膜,后壁和最大壁厚度更大,LA直径更大.
结论:
- 种族是影响青少年运动员心脏适应相关的ECG和ECHO参数的一个重要因素.
- 黑人青少年运动员表现出更高的特定心电图变化的发生率,如一级AV阻塞和T波逆转.
- 虽然壁厚不同,但左心室缩的患病率在种族群体之间是相似的.
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