零电结构元材料:数据驱动的设计和增材制造
Saurav Sharma1,2,3, Satya K Ammu1, Prakash Thakolkaran2
1Shaping Matter Lab, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
NPJ metamaterials
|December 8, 2025
概括
研究人员使用机器学习设计了3D打印的压电超材料. 这些新型材料具有可调节的压电特性,克服了天然压电晶体的局限性,并且比散装PZT表现出更好的性能.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 超材料是什么?超材料是什么?
- 压电工程 压电工程
背景情况:
- 自然的压电材料具有由晶体对称性所限制的固有方向性.
- 这种约束限制了传统压电材料中可实现的属性空间.
- 中等尺度几何学和建筑为克服这些局限性提供了一条途径.
研究的目的:
- 开发设计和3D打印压电超材料的框架.
- 为了实现可定制的无极形压电反应.
- 探索非传统的压电行为,如助电性和定向反应.
主要方法:
- 利用生成机器学习来设计结构元材料.
- 开发了一种用于制造的内凝3D打印方法.
- 使用了一种由可光固化树脂和无压电粒子组成的复合泥.
主要成果:
- 实现了可定制的无极形压电反应,包括辅助性,单向性和全向性行为.
- 与散装酸酸 (PZT) 相比,在特定的水静电压电系数上有超过48%的改进.
- 观察到横向比纵向的压电系数更高,这是一个罕见的现象.
结论:
- 拟议的框架允许设计具有量身定制响应的压电超材料.
- 3D打印方法允许制造复杂的压电结构.
- 这项工作为开发具有可调节性质的先进电活性材料开辟了道路.
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