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在乌兹别克斯坦实施儿科移植计划:可行性和早期结果
Konstantin Semash1, Akrom Akhmedov2, Timur Dzhanbekov3
1Department of Minimally Invasive Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, National Children's Medical Center, Tashkent 100171, Toshkent, Uzbekistan. doctorsemash@gmail.com.
World journal of transplantation
|December 8, 2025
概括
乌兹别克斯坦推出了首个儿科活体供体移植 (LDKT) 计划,实现了高移植存活率和低并发症率. 这个倡议为资源有限的环境提供了一个模型,以改善儿科末期病护理.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 儿科手术 儿科手术
- 移植免疫学 移植免疫学
背景情况:
- 儿童脏移植对于末期脏疾病至关重要,但在低收入和中等收入国家,获取方法有限.
- 乌兹别克斯坦之前缺乏儿童活体捐赠者移植 (LDKT) 的经验.
研究的目的:
- 详细介绍乌兹别克斯坦首个儿科LDKT计划的实施情况和手术方案.
- 评估最初的临床结果,包括手术指标和患者/移植存活率.
主要方法:
- 第20次儿科LDKT (2023年4月至2025年2月) 的回顾性分析.
- 捐赠者是相关的家庭成员;通过开放式或腹腔镜技术进行腎切除.
- 移植前的免疫检查包括HLA类型和抗体查.
- 在外科手术期间的护理遵循了外科术后康复协会 (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Society) 的原则.
主要成果:
- 平均操作时间:182.5分钟 (开放式),198.5分钟 (镜).
- 没有主要的手术后并发症;一个捐赠血清.
- 所有接受者都出现了即时的移植功能;到第7天,肌素的中位数从198升至54μmol/L.
- 24个月的患者和移植的生存率分别为95%和90%,尽管有3次排斥和2次移植损失.
结论:
- 在乌兹别克斯坦成功实施了儿科LDKT计划.
- 具有高移植存活率和低并发症率的有利的短期和中期结果.
- 为在资源有限的环境中建立类似计划提供了一个框架.
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